Impact of postpartum hypothyroidism on menstrual patterns and quality of life: A Longitudinal Study

Abstract

Introduction: Postpartum hypothyroidism is a common condition affecting women's health and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate its impact on menstrual patterns and QoL in postpartum women. Objective: To evaluate the impact of postpartum hypothyroidism on menstrual patterns and quality of life (QoL) in women. Methods: This longitudinal study included 470 postpartum women, of whom 122 had hypothyroidism (cases). The study included 120 women aged 18-45 who presented with menstrual abnormalities. All these subjects were evaluated clinically and the data recorded as per the proforma. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the association between hypothyroidism and menstrual irregularities in women attending Rajeev Gandhi College and General Hospital, Bhopal (MP). Menstrual patterns and QoL scores were assessed at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postpartum. Results: Women with postpartum hypothyroidism (n=122, 25.9%) had higher rates of menstrual irregularities (e.g., irregular cycles in 53.3%) and lower QoL scores (52.3±10.5) compared to women without hypothyroidism. TSH levels correlated negatively with QoL scores (r=-0.35, p<0.01). Conclusion: Postpartum hypothyroidism is associated with significant menstrual irregularities and impaired QoL. Early detection and management may improve outcomes. Hypothyroidism is known to affect a wide range of physiological systems, including menstrual function, in women of reproductive age.