2026-07-31T22:15:30Z https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/oai

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/1 2026-04-22T05:48:37Z files:ART

Development and Characterization of Albumin-Based Nanoparticles for Sustained Release of Repaglinide Rajat Saxena Purohit Rangavitala Soumik Chatterjee Shumpenthung Ezung Uriti Sri Venkatesh Albumin nanoparticles, sustained release, repaglinide, drug delivery system, biocompatibility, controlled release, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability The study focuses on the development and characterization of repaglinide-loaded albumin nanoparticles for sustained drug release, aimed at improving the management of Type 2 diabetes. The nanoparticles were synthesized using a solvent evaporation method, resulting in uniform particle size (150 ± 5 nm) with a low polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.23, and a negative zeta potential of -20 ± 1 mV, ensuring colloidal stability. The drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency were 4.5 ± 0.2% and 75 ± 3%, respectively. In vitro release studies demonstrated a controlled drug release profile, with 80 ± 8% of repaglinide released over 48 hours, suggesting potential for reducing dosing frequency and enhancing patient compliance. Kinetic analysis revealed that the release followed a Fickian diffusion mechanism (R² = 0.982). The nanoparticles showed good stability over 30 days, with only slight increases in particle size and PDI. Additionally, cytotoxicity studies confirmed the biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. Comparative analysis with other drug delivery systems showed that albumin nanoparticles offer superior controlled release and drug encapsulation efficiency, making them a promising alternative for repaglinide delivery in diabetes management. Further clinical validation is required for realworld applications. Sujata Publication 2025-04-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/1 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i1.01 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 1, April 2025; 1-9 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/1/1 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/2 2026-04-22T05:49:09Z files:ART

Design and Optimization of Thymoquinone-Loaded Nanosponges for Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy Nisha Deepak Garg Soumik Chatterjee Roshani Khetan Pavan Sonule Shilpi Sharma Thymoquinone, Nanosponges, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Drug Delivery System, Inflammation, Bioavailability, Solubility, Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Optimization. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that leads to joint inflammation, pain, and deformities. Current treatments, including NSAIDs and DMARDs, offer symptom relief but do not address the disease's root causes and come with side effects. Thymoquinone (TQ), a compound derived from Nigella sativa, has shown potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties but suffers from low solubility and bioavailability. To enhance the therapeutic efficacy of TQ, we developed thymoquinone-loaded nanosponges (TQNS) as a drug delivery system. TQ-NS were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, drug loading, and release profiles. In vitro studies demonstrated that TQ-NS significantly enhanced drug solubility and provided sustained release. Cytotoxicity tests revealed that the formulations were biocompatible, with high cell viability. Antiinflammatory assays showed a significant reduction in TNF-α and IL-6 levels, and in vivo studies in collagen-induced arthritis rats demonstrated reduced joint swelling and inflammation. The statistical analysis confirmed the effectiveness of TQ-NS in RA therapy. TQ-NS offer a promising approach for improving the bioavailability, targeting, and therapeutic efficacy of thymoquinone in the treatment of RA. Further studies are warranted to evaluate their potential in clinical settings. Sujata Publication 2025-04-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/2 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i1.02 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 1, April 2025; 10-18 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/2/2 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/3 2026-04-22T05:49:33Z files:ART

Topical Delivery of Sulfasalazine via Nanosponges-Loaded Hydrogels: A Novel Approach for Enhanced Psoriasis Management Subham Mandal Suraj Mandal Sulfasalazine, Nanosponges, Hydrogel, Topical Delivery, Psoriasis Management, Controlled Release, Drug Delivery Systems, Skin Permeation, Anti-inflammatory. The treatment of psoriasis, a chronic skin condition, remains a significant clinical challenge. Traditional therapies often come with limitations such as systemic side effects and inadequate localized treatment. In this study, we propose the development of sulfasalazineloaded nanosponges incorporated into hydrogel matrices to enhance topical psoriasis management. The nanosponges, known for their ability to encapsulate and release drugs in a controlled manner, were synthesized using a simple method to improve the solubility and bioavailability of sulfasalazine. The hydrogel system was optimized for skin compatibility and ease of application. The in vitro release studies demonstrated sustained drug release, while ex vivo permeation studies indicated effective drug delivery across the skin layers. The formulation showed promising anti-inflammatory properties, and its ability to reduce psoriatic symptoms was evaluated through cell culture models. This novel nanosponges-hydrogel combination offers a promising approach to enhance the topical treatment of psoriasis, minimizing systemic exposure and maximizing localized therapeutic efficacy. Sujata Publication 2025-04-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/3 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i1.03 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 1, April 2025; 19-23 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/3/3 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/4 2026-04-22T05:49:57Z files:ART

Bioadhesive Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (BSNEDDS): A Novel Strategy to Enhance Mucosal Drug Absorption and Bioavailability Soumik Chatterjee I. Niyas Ahamed Mansi Aggarwal Subham Mandal Suraj Mandal Bioadhesive, Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS), Mucosal Absorption, Drug Bioavailability, Nanoemulsion, Mucoadhesion, Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Formulation. The development of bioadhesive self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (B-SNEDDS) represents a promising approach to enhance mucosal absorption and improve drug bioavailability. This study focuses on designing and evaluating a B-SNEDDS for effective mucosal drug delivery by combining the advantages of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) with bioadhesive properties. The formulation was optimized using a blend of oil, surfactant, and cosurfactant, ensuring spontaneous nanoemulsion formation upon contact with physiological fluids. Bioadhesive polymers were incorporated to enhance retention time and improve drug absorption at the mucosal site. The prepared B-SNEDDS was characterized based on droplet size, zeta potential, drug loading efficiency, and bioadhesion strength. In vitro and ex vivo studies demonstrated improved mucosal permeability and prolonged retention time compared to conventional formulations. The results suggest that B-SNEDDS can significantly enhance mucosal drug delivery, providing an effective strategy for improving the therapeutic efficacy of poorly absorbed drugs Sujata Publication 2025-04-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/4 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i1.04 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 1, April 2025; 24-27 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/4/4 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/5 2026-04-22T05:50:37Z files:ART

Stimuli-Responsive Injectable Polymeric Implants (SIPI) for Sustained Drug Delivery in Chronic Disease Management Dritan Topi Chandan Kumar Dubey Shital Sharma Rohit Bushra Fasiha Stimuli-Responsive Injectable Polymeric Implants (SIPI), Chronic Disease Management, Sustained Drug Release, Biodegradable Polymers, Drug Delivery System, Controlled Release, Polymer Characterization, In-vitro Drug Release. Chronic diseases require sustained drug release systems to ensure therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance. This study focuses on the formulation and characterization of SIPI-based (StimuliResponsive Injectable Polymeric Implants) for long-term drug release in chronic disease management. SIPI implants, designed using biocompatible and biodegradable polymers, respond to physiological stimuli to achieve controlled and prolonged drug delivery. The formulation process involves polymer selection, drug loading optimization, and in-vitro release kinetics evaluation. Characterization techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and in-vitro biodegradation studies, are utilized to assess the physicochemical properties, stability, and release profile of the implants. The developed system demonstrates sustained drug release over extended periods, minimizing dosing frequency and improving therapeutic outcomes. The findings suggest that SIPI-based implants hold significant potential in managing chronic diseases, offering an innovative approach to enhancing patient adherence and treatment efficacy Sujata Publication 2025-04-25 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/5 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i1.05 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 1, April 2025; 28-32 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/5/5 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/6 2026-04-22T05:51:25Z files:ART

Probiotic–Nanocurcumin Combination Therapy: A Novel Strategy for Colorectal Cancer Rajat Saxena Purohit Rangavitala Soumik Chatterjee Shumpenthung Ezung Uriti Sri Venkatesh Suraj Mandal Colorectal cancer, Probiotics, Nanocurcumin, Gut microbiota, Cancer therapy, Bioavailability, Nanoparticles, Inflammation, Immune modulation, Novel treatment strategies. Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the leading causes of cancerrelated morbidity and mortality worldwide. The growing body of evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays a critical role in CRC development and progression, thereby opening avenues for novel therapeutic strategies. Probiotics and curcumin have separately demonstrated beneficial effects in cancer prevention and treatment, but their combined potential remains underexplored. This paper explores the synergistic effects of probiotic–nanocurcumin combination therapy in CRC treatment. Probiotics, through modulation of the gut microbiome, enhance immune function and reduce inflammation, while nanocurcumin, a nanoparticle-based formulation of curcumin, improves the bioavailability and targeted delivery of curcumin to cancerous tissues. The combination of these therapies may offer a multi-targeted approach, reducing the side effects of traditional therapies, enhancing therapeutic outcomes, and promoting gut health. This review critically examines the underlying mechanisms of action, preclinical and clinical studies, and potential applications of probiotic–nanocurcumin therapy as a novel and effective adjunct in colorectal cancer management. Future research directions and clinical trials will be essential to validate the therapeutic potential of this combination approach. Sujata Publication 2025-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/6 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i2.01 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 2, July-Dec 2025; 1-11 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/6/6 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/7 2026-04-22T05:54:55Z files:ART

Nanoparticle-Based Targeted Therapies in Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges Subham Mandal Suraj Mandal Nanoparticles, targeted therapy, cancer treatment, drug delivery, biocompatibility, therapeutic efficacy, cancer cells, immunotoxicity, drug solubility, clinical translation. Nanoparticle-based targeted therapies have emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer, offering significant advantages over traditional therapeutic approaches. These therapies leverage the unique properties of nanoparticles, such as their size, surface characteristics, and ability to be functionalized with specific ligands, to deliver drugs directly to tumor cells, minimizing systemic toxicity and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. This paper explores the opportunities provided by nanoparticlebased therapies, including their ability to overcome biological barriers, improve drug solubility, and enable precise targeting of cancer cells. Additionally, we discuss the challenges involved in the development of nanoparticle-based cancer treatments, including issues related to biocompatibility, potential immune responses, and manufacturing scalability. The future of this technology is promising, with ongoing research aimed at overcoming these hurdles and optimizing the clinical translation of nanoparticle-based therapies in oncology Sujata Publication 2025-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/7 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i2.04 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 2, July-Dec 2025; 32-40 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/7/7 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/8 2026-04-22T05:52:27Z files:ART

Ion-Sensitive Gellan Gum–Arabinogalactan Hydrogels for Ocular Delivery in Dry Eye Disease Nisha Suraj Mandal Shilpi Sharma Dry Eye Disease, Ion-sensitive hydrogels, Gellan gum, Ocular drug delivery, Controlled drug release, Cytotoxicity, Ocular retention. Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder that affects a significant portion of the population, leading to discomfort, visual disturbances, and potential damage to the ocular surface. The need for effective drug delivery systems to treat DED has driven the development of novel formulations that can enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. In this study, we explore the potential of ionsensitive gellan gum (GG) and arabinogalactan (AG) hydrogels as a promising ocular delivery system for dry eye disease. The combination of GG and AG forms a biocompatible, biodegradable hydrogel that responds to changes in ionic strength, allowing for controlled drug release at the ocular site. The hydrogel formulation was evaluated for its physical properties, including gelation time, viscosity, and swelling behavior, as well as its drug release kinetics using model drugs commonly used in DED therapy. In vitro cytotoxicity studies confirmed the non-toxic nature of the hydrogels to human corneal epithelial cells. In vivo studies demonstrated enhanced ocular retention time and improved therapeutic outcomes in DED models compared to conventional eye drops. The results of this study suggest that ionsensitive GG-AG hydrogels may offer a novel, effective, and patientfriendly approach for the treatment of dry eye disease, providing prolonged drug delivery and improved ocular comfort. Sujata Publication 2025-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/8 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i2.02 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 2, July-Dec 2025; 12-21 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/8/8 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/10 2026-04-22T05:53:42Z files:ART

Posaconazole-Loaded Chitosan Transdermal Films: A Microemulsion-Based Strategy for Aspergillosis Subham Mandal Suraj Mandal Posaconazole, Chitosan, Transdermal Films, Microemulsion, Aspergillosis, Drug Delivery, Bioavailability, Controlled Release, Skin Permeation. Posaconazole, a broad-spectrum antifungal agent, has gained prominence in the treatment of Aspergillosis. However, its clinical efficacy is often limited due to poor bioavailability and the need for frequent administration. To overcome these limitations, this study proposes the development of Posaconazole-loaded chitosan transdermal films using a microemulsion-based strategy. The microemulsion system serves as a potential carrier for enhanced drug penetration, facilitating controlled release and increasing the bioavailability of Posaconazole. Chitosan, a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, was utilized to prepare transdermal films that exhibit favorable mechanical properties and skin permeability. The films were optimized for their drug-loading capacity, in vitro release behavior, and skin permeation profile, with the goal of improving the therapeutic efficacy of Posaconazole in the treatment of Aspergillosis. The results demonstrate that the microemulsion-based strategy significantly enhances the transdermal delivery of Posaconazole, providing a promising alternative to conventional oral or intravenous formulations. This approach holds potential for improving patient compliance and treatment outcomes for Aspergillosis. Sujata Publication 2025-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/10 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i2.03 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 2, July-Dec 2025; 22-31 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/10/9 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/11 2026-04-22T05:55:16Z files:ART

Phytochemicals as Epigenetic Modulators in Cancer Therapy Mukesh Kumar Subham Mandal Suraj Mandal Phytochemicals, Epigenetics, Cancer Therapy, DNA Methylation, Histone Modification, Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Terpenoids, Epigenetic Modulators, Cancer Prevention. Phytochemicals, the bioactive compounds found in plants, have garnered significant attention for their potential role in cancer prevention and therapy. Emerging evidence suggests that these natural compounds can modulate epigenetic mechanisms, which play a critical role in gene expression regulation, chromatin remodeling, and cell differentiation. By influencing epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA expression, phytochemicals can potentially reverse aberrant epigenetic changes that drive cancer initiation and progression. This paper explores the diverse classes of phytochemicals, including flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, and alkaloids, and their mechanisms of action as epigenetic modulators in cancer cells. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities for integrating phytochemicals into current cancer therapy regimens, highlighting the need for further research to understand their therapeutic potential and clinical applicability. Ultimately, the incorporation of epigenetic-modulating phytochemicals could offer a novel, non-toxic adjunct to conventional cancer treatments, with the promise of improved patient outcomes and reduced side effects. Sujata Publication 2025-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/11 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i2.05 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 2, July-Dec 2025; 41-51 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/11/10 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/12 2026-04-22T05:55:39Z files:ART

Smart Prepaid Energy Meter Rajendra Bjimraj Madake Manoj Dhondiram Patil Prepaid Meter, Theft detection, Power theft, smart meter, GSM. The goal of this study is to create a smart prepaid energy meter that can address some of the problems India's present metering system is now facing. The majority of energy meters in India are electrochemical in design, although digital and electronics metros are progressively taking their position as more reliable and accurate energy meters. Power theft, inaccurate meter reading and invoicing, and consumers who are reluctant to pay their electricity bills on time all contribute to the loss of a significant amount of money from the sale of electricity. Delivering the same amount that was paid before consumption will generate significant revenue from customers. This study recommends a smart prepaid energy meter that offers services including prepaid billing and electricity theft. For a prepaid system, our suggested design model includes an Arduino UNO and GSM technology. For the purpose of detecting electricity theft, the model uses CT and PT to detect the current and voltage differential, respectively. Over the proteus platform, the proposed model is tested and simulated. Sujata Publication 2025-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/12 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i2.06 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 2, July-Dec 2025; 52-58 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/12/11 Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/13 2026-04-22T05:56:24Z files:ART

Microcontroller based wireless turn light indication system for trolley of tractor Rajendra Bjimraj Madake Manoj Dhondiram Patil Steering, Tractor., IR Sensor, RF Module, Receiver, Transmitter. In the 21st century engineering teaching learning process of interdisciplinary courses like microcontroller and its applications, there is need to avail the state-of-the-art learning techniques to enhance the student understanding, along with advanced electronic instrumentation which has become affordable to be used for routine academic demonstration. This paper discusses the concept of a Microcontroller based wireless turn light indication system for trolley of tractor. This methodology avails the advanced technology; people try to make use of wireless technologies in different role. In this system uses the IR sensor, transmitter, receiver and micro controller. Main heart of the system is RF Module. It has two parts RF transmitter and RF receiver. The IR sensors use to detect steering wheel movement and gives signal to Encoder. HT12E are used for encoding and HT12D used for decoding the data. The 4-bit data is converted via HT12E encoder IC. Assign serial data to RF transmitter. At the Receiver side, receiver receive the serial data and this data is sent to HT12D decoder IC which converts into parallel data. Use a micro controller and relay channel to control the indicator signal. The proposed paper aimed to detect the steering direction by IR sensors and turn on/off the left and right. vehicle indicators based on the position of the steering wheel read. This switching is done wireless, avoiding bulky wiring in the vehicle. Automatic turn signal control protects users from accidents and driving safety. Sujata Publication 2025-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/13 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i2.07 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 2, July-Dec 2025; 59-65 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/13/12 Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/14 2026-04-22T05:56:48Z files:ART

Mobile Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System Rajendra Bjimraj Madake Manoj Dhondiram Patil Photovoltaic system, Mobile water pumping System, modelling, simulation, MATLAB, pumps, MPPT Solar photovoltaic (PV) water pumping systems are a good alternative to traditional water pumps powered by electricity or diesel because of their low cost and environmental friendliness. These gadgets are suitable for remote places where there is no access to the power grid. Sun PV system output varies with environmental factors such as solar irradiation and temperature. This paper presents a low-cost photovoltaic water pumping system with maximum power point tracking for water harvesting in distant areas. To extract the greatest available power from PV panels, the MPPT P & O algorithm is employed. MPPT charge controller technology boosts efficiency. To increase the PV module voltages for the needed load, an MPPT DC-DC boost converter is used. Sujata Publication 2025-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/14 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i2.08 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 2, July-Dec 2025; 66-74 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/14/13 Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/15 2026-04-22T05:57:10Z files:ART

Synthesis and Characterization of Composite Eco-Bricks from Waste Plastic, Foundry Sand, and Boiler Ash: A Novel Approach to Sustainable Construction Materials S. B. Hivarekar P. A. Pisal waste plastic, foundry sand, boiler ash, eco-bricks, compressive strength, sustainability, waste management, circular economy. The exponential generation of plastic waste, foundry waste sand (WFS), and coal boiler ash presents a dual challenge of environmental degradation and resource management. This study investigates the feasibility of manufacturing composite eco-bricks by integrating these three industrial waste streams as primary constituents. Bricks were synthesized using a waste material proportion of 46:46:8 (plastic waste: foundry sand: boiler ash) and subjected to comprehensive laboratory characterization including compressive strength testing, water absorption analysis, melting point assessment, and mortar bonding evaluation. Results demonstrated a compressive strength of 8.66 N/mm², representing a 148% improvement over conventional bricks and exceeding the minimum threshold of 3.5 N/mm² specified by Indian Standards (IS 1077:1992). Water absorption was significantly lower than conventional burnt clay bricks, indicating superior durability characteristics. The bricks exhibited successful adhesion with specialized AAC (Autoclaved Aerated Concrete) block bonding agents, confirming structural viability. This research demonstrates that waste-derived composite bricks represent a technically sound and environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional construction materials, simultaneously addressing waste management challenges and reducing landfill burden. The economic and environmental benefits of this approach have substantial implications for circular economy practices in the construction industry. Sujata Publication 2025-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/15 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i2.09 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 2, July-Dec 2025; 70-90 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/15/14 Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/16 2026-04-22T05:57:36Z files:ART

Assessment of Leachate Impact on Ground Water and Soil Quality Near Kasabe Digraj Dumping Site, Sangli, Maharashtra, India S. B. Hivarekar P. A. Pisal Solid Waste, Landfill, Kasabe Digraj Dumping site, Leachate percolation, Water Quality. Based on population Maharashtra ranks first in urbanization among the all-major states in the country. Sangli city ranks in top 20 major cities in Maharashtra in urbanization. As compare to rural population the requirement of urban population is also a wide range of needs like clean water supply, sewerage and solid waste management etc. In most urban areas, the strong waste is dumped in open dumps without appropriate coating which influences the ecological media, for example, air, water and land. Along these lines, the present examination was centered around the effect of leachate permeation on ground water quality and soil quality. Leachate, soil and ground water samples were collected from Kasabe Digraj site and the surrounding areas of within 1.5 Km radius. The concentration of pH, EC, TDS, TH, Cl- , SO42-, NO3- and heavy metals is high in the sampling site near to the dumping yard. The high concentration of these chemical parameters and heavy metals reveals that there is a ground water and soil contamination from leachate percolation in the study area. Sujata Publication 2025-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/16 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i2.10 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 2, July-Dec 2025; 91-104 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/16/15 Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/17 2026-04-22T05:58:00Z files:ART

Performance Evaluation of Locally Fabricated Point-of-Use (PoU) Clay Filters with Organic Additives for Turbidity Removal in Rural Household Water Treatment S. B. Hivarekar P. A. Pisal Point-of-Use (PoU) clay filter, turbidity, drinking water, water treatment, flow rate This paper evaluates, tests, and economically evaluates a Point-of-Use (PoU) clay filter, impregnated with natural materials, for turbidity removal from rural drinking water in Maharashtra, India. The work emphasizes use of locally available resources and real household operating conditions to produce an affordable, field-validated treatment option. The Point-of-Use (PoU) clay filter was fabricated from clay blended with combustible organics (sawdust or groundnut shell powder) that burn out during firing to create a porous module, assembled in a PVC-based housing with copper piping and a brass outlet nozzle. Source water was taken from Warna River supply to Haripur village, which, after sand filtration, still failed to meet IS 10500:2012 turbidity limits, and was treated in 20 L batch runs under dayto-day household usage. Flow rate was determined by the time–volume method, while turbidity of influent and filtrate was monitored using a calibrated turbidity meter; modules were periodically backwashed and their hydraulic and removal performance tracked over cumulative throughput. Two module formulations were evaluated: Module 1 (sawdust-based) and Module 2 (groundnut shell-based), enabling assessment of the influence of organic additive on porosity, flow, and longevity. Module 1 achieved an average turbidity removal efficiency of 90.14 ± 0.37%, reducing raw water from 6.02 ± 2.69 NTU (up to 13.40 NTU) to 0.58 ± 0.27 NTU, consistently satisfying IS 10500:2012 turbidity standards, with mean flow rate of 67.77± 52.00 LPH and about 80% flow restoration after backwashing. Module 8 showed lower performance, with 74.58 ± 0.58% removal, residual turbidity of 1.46 ± 0.52 NTU, lower flow (23.21 ± 21.11 LPH), and weaker hydraulic recovery and shorter predicted lifespan. Performance was consistent between laboratory and PoU operation across turbidity ranges, confirming the robustness of the design. A detailed cost analysis gave a unit cost of about INR 620, less than half that of comparable commercial candle filters (~INR 1400), while delivering similar or better turbidity removal. The study demonstrates that sawdust-based Point-of-Use (PoU) clay filter can provide a technically effective, low-cost, and locally manufacturable solution for rural household water treatment in developing regions. Sujata Publication 2025-07-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/17 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i2.11 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 2, July-Dec 2025; 105-112 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/17/16 Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/23 2026-03-13T13:22:26Z files:ART

Histopathology Image Analysis Tool: Revolutionizing Digital Pathology Through Automated Tissue Intelligence Pravin Badhe Supriyo Acharya Shanta Adak Histopathology image analysis; Digital pathology; Automated tissue intelligence; Artificial intelligence; Image processing; Biomedical engineering; Precision medicine; Diagnostic automation The rapid advancement of digital pathology has created unprecedented opportunities for enhancing diagnostic accuracy, efficiency, and reproducibility in histopathological evaluation. The Histopathology Image Analysis Tool (HIAT) represents a transformative approach that integrates automated tissue intelligence with advanced image processing and computational algorithms to support pathologists in routine and complex diagnostic workflows. This tool enables high-resolution analysis of whole-slide images, facilitating automated tissue segmentation, cellular feature extraction, and quantitative assessment of morphological patterns associated with disease progression. By minimizing inter-observer variability and reducing manual workload, HIAT enhances diagnostic consistency while enabling scalable analysis of large histopathological datasets. Furthermore, the integration of artificial intelligence–driven analytics allows real-time decision support, predictive modeling, and data-driven insights that bridge pathology with precision medicine. The implementation of automated tissue intelligence not only accelerates diagnostic turnaround time but also supports translational research by enabling objective biomarker discovery and standardized tissue assessment. Overall, the Histopathology Image Analysis Tool signifies a paradigm shift in digital pathology, offering a robust platform that aligns medical diagnostics with emerging trends in artificial intelligence, biomedical engineering, and computational healthcare. Sujata Publication 2026-01-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/23 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.01 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 1-5 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/23/20 Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/24 2026-04-13T06:58:08Z files:ART

Effect of Visual Training on Balance Ability and Peripheral Vision of Volleyball Players Vasanthanaik P. Gajanana Prabhu B. Balance ability, Peripheral vision, Inter-collegiate, Visual training, Training protocol and Players. Since volleyball is a team sport, players must communicate well with one another and work well together to win. It takes skill to lift and hit the ball in a volleyball match. Because of the fast-paced nature of the game and its constantly-evolving scoring structure, volleyball players must possess exceptional agility, coordination, peripheral vision, reaction time, and balancing skills. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of twelve weeks visual training on balance ability and peripheral vision. Thirty male inter-collegiate level players were selected randomly for this study. Their age ranged from 24 to 27 years. The current study consisted of the Peripheral vision test (Perimetry) and ‘Y’ balance ability test during pre-test and post-test situations for the Volleyball visual training group. A total of nine training modules were selected by the researcher in consultation with experts in the field of volleyball. The modules were targeted to improve the vision ability and overall performance of selected subjects for the present investigation. A single group pre-test and post-test research design was used in this study to assess the effectiveness of treatment protocol. Tests for normalcy and descriptive statistics were also used in this investigation. Additionally, the paired sample 't' test was applied to investigate the existence of significant difference between pre-test and post-test situations for the Volleyball visual training group. The balance ability and peripheral vision of inter-collegiate level volleyball players significantly improved due to participation in specialized target oriented visual training protocol for twelve weeks used in the present investigation. Sujata Publication 2026-01-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/24 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.02 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 6-13 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/24/21 Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/25 2026-03-13T13:22:26Z files:ART

How Moisture Level Impact MRI Room performance and Patient Safety: A Comprehensive Analysis Imroj Khan Deepak Kumar Singhania Sajjad Ali Md Saddam Ansari Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); relative humidity; moisture control; MRI environmental conditions; HVAC systems; RF coil performance; image quality; signal-to-noise ratio; patient safety; electrostatic discharge; infection control; MRI hardware reliability; clinical quality assurance; environmental monitoring. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a highly sensitive imaging modality that requires strict environmental control to ensure optimal performance and patient safety. Among environmental factors, moisture level—commonly expressed as relative humidity—plays a critical yet often underrecognized role in influencing MRI hardware reliability, image quality, and clinical safety. This study examines the impact of high and low moisture conditions in MRI suites, focusing on their effects on image quality, superconducting magnet systems, radiofrequency (RF) coils, electronic components, and patient comfort and safety. Elevated humidity levels are associated with increased RF noise, image artifacts, corrosion of coils and electronic components, condensation-related equipment malfunction, and heightened infection and slip hazards. Conversely, excessively low humidity increases the risk of electrostatic discharge, electronic instability, and patient discomfort. The findings are discussed in the context of existing standards and guidelines, including recommendations from the American College of Radiology (ACR), ASTM, engineering-based MRI facility practices, and controlled-environment principles outlined in ISO 14644. Although current guidelines emphasize environmental stability, explicit humidity thresholds for MRI rooms remain limited. The study highlights the need for continuous environmental monitoring, dedicated HVAC systems, and improved reporting of moisture-related incidents. Future research should focus on quantitative, multi-center studies to establish stronger correlations between humidity control and MRI performance outcomes. Overall, this work underscores moisture management as a fundamental component of MRI quality assurance and patient safety. Sujata Publication 2026-01-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/25 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.03 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 14-22 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/25/22 Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/29 2026-03-13T13:22:26Z files:ART

Digital Intimacy and the Law: A Study on Consent, Privacy, and Punishment under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Preeti Digital intimacy, Consent, Privacy, Accountability, Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, Feminist legal theory, Digital consent theory, Expressive punishment theory, Non-consensual dissemination of intimate images, Voyeurism, Cyberstalking, Sextortion, Deepfakes, Victim-blaming, Social stigma, Platform governance The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023, is a significant legal development in India's approach to digital-mediated intimacy-related offenses. Nonetheless, the fluid nature of the digital consent, as well as the development of new/novel technologies, including deepfakes and AIgenerated content, makes the BNS less effective in its fight against digital sexual harms. This paper is a synthesis of the recent research works as it aims to explore the response of the BNS to its changing conceptualisation of consent, privacy and accountability in the digital intimacy. It highlights the weaknesses of the BNS gender-specific problems, lacking implementation procedures, and gaps in the evidence that fail to capture the relationship and contextual nature of digital violations of consent. The paper suggests legal changes, which include a dedicated offence of digital intimacy harms, which is not gender-based, the positive elements of consent, and the responsibility of platforms. It further reiterates the necessity of specialised training in cyber forensics, victim-oriented enforcement practices, and judicial training on a relational-based consent model. These reforms are expected to develop a culturally sensitive legal ecosystem that supports individual autonomy, privacy and dignity online and to respond to the gendered power imbalance and technological incomprehensiveness of digital sexual violence. Sujata Publication 2026-01-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/29 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.04 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 23-32 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/29/25 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/30 2026-03-13T13:22:26Z files:ART

Advances in Digital Histopathology: A Comparative Review of Automated Tissue Analysis Tools and the Innovation Behind the Histopathology Image Analysis Platform Pravin Badhe Vidya Patil Digital pathology, histopathology image analysis, biomarker scoring, H&E stain deconvolution, automated diagnosis, computational pathology, immunohistochemistry quantification, diagnostic interpretation, precision medicine, healthcare informatics The integration of computational methods into histopathology represents a paradigm shift in diagnostic accuracy and laboratory efficiency. Despite the proliferation of digital pathology tools, the field lacks integrated platforms that seamlessly combine morphometric analysis, H&E stain quantification, and standardized biomarker scoring in an accessible format. This review examines the capabilities and limitations of existing digital pathology solutions including QuPath, HALO, ImageJ, and CellProfiler and introduces the Histopathology Image Analysis Tool, a web-based platform engineered to address critical gaps in the current market. The tool integrates automated cell counting, stain deconvolution algorithms, nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio calculation, and standardized biomarker scoring (ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67) with built-in diagnostic interpretation modules. By synthesizing quantitative analysis with clinical rulebased interpretation, the platform accelerates tissue evaluation, reduces inter-observer variability, and enhances reporting consistency without requiring whole-slide imaging infrastructure. This review demonstrates that unified, accessible digital pathology platforms bridge the gap between high-cost commercial solutions and basic open-source tools, positioning them as essential assets for clinical diagnostics, translational research, and medical education. Sujata Publication 2026-02-14 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/30 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.05 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 33-42 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/30/26 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

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oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/33 2026-03-13T13:22:26Z files:ART

Challenging Gender Norms: The Role of Feminism in Redefining Femininity and Empowering Personal Narratives Ranjana Kumari Feminism, Gender Norms, Femininity, Personal Empowerment, Gender Equality, Feminist Movements, Identity, Intersectionality, Empowerment, Social Change, Patriarchy, Women's Autonomy, Cultural Contexts This paper explores the role of feminism in challenging traditional gender norms and redefining femininity, particularly focusing on how these shifts contribute to personal empowerment. It critically examines how feminist movements have reshaped societal expectations of women, offering alternative narratives to conventional notions of femininity that often limit women's roles and identities. The research investigates the impact of feminism on empowering individuals by promoting autonomy, equality, and self-expression. It further analyzes how feminist ideologies encourage women to reclaim and reconstruct their sense of self beyond patriarchal standards. By highlighting the intersectionality within feminist discourse, the paper also examines how race, class, and other social factors influence the way femininity is redefined in different cultural contexts. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the transformative power of feminism in fostering an inclusive, empowered, and more diverse understanding of womanhood. Sujata Publication 2026-02-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/33 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.06 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 43-46 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/33/28 Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/36 2026-03-13T13:17:38Z files:ART

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/37 2026-03-13T13:22:26Z files:ART

Evaluating AI-Based Methods for Sugarcane Leaf Disease Detection and Classification using Image Processing Techniques Sumit Bharti Umar Badr Shafeeque Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Plant Leaf Disease Detection, Precision Agriculture, Crop Management The health of sugarcane crops is fundamentally significant for the rural economy, yet they are habitually compromised by different leaf illnesses that can altogether decrease yield and quality. Powerful and opportune location and arrangement of these sicknesses are fundamental for carrying out suitable administration methodologies. A comprehensive comparison of various artificial intelligence (AI) methods for identifying and classifying sugarcane leaf diseases is presented in this study. Leaf diseases impact food security and profitability by lowering agricultural output and quality. In most country India, agribusiness is the principal kind of revenue. Consequently, farming plant infections should be naturally analyzed and arranged utilizing exceptional and exact man-made intelligence (Computerized reasoning) strategies. This permits ideal preventive counsel. Image processing, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning are utilized in AI strategies. The most recent studies on sugarcane leaf disease detection and classification were thoroughly examined. The investigation centers around DL or ML calculations, explore datasets, execution pointers, and model precision. SVM (Support Vector Machine) was used in 45 percent of sugarcane leaf image classification studies, while KNN (K-Nearest Neighbors) was used in 22%. In 22% of queries, K-means clustering and ANN (Artificial Neural Network) classifiers were utilized. Pre-trained models were used in 44% of studies, while CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) models were used in 56%. When compared to controlled laboratory images, the performance of machine learning and deep learning models on realworld image datasets is subpar. Deep learning models, on the other hand, were 98.84 percent more accurate than machine learning models. Image categorization with ML models is inferior. Prior research's detection and classification techniques had significant flaws. New crop disease diagnosis and plant leaf disease detection and classification methods will be discovered thanks to this study. Sujata Publication 2026-03-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/37 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.08 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 55-70 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/37/30 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/38 2026-03-11T06:45:27Z files:ART

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/41 2026-03-13T13:22:26Z files:ART

Design and Implementation of a Real-Time Fraud Detection System Leveraging Machine Learning Nimisha Pandey Umar Badr Shafeeque Machine learning, Minimum losses, E-commerce, Real-time fraud, AWS (Amazon Web Services), FDS The threat of fraud has emerged as a pressing concern for financial institutions, e-commerce platforms, and a wide range of online service providers in an era when digital transactions and online interactions have become commonplace. Businesses and consumers alike face significant risks from fraudulent activities like account takeovers, identity theft, and credit card fraud, which can result in substantial financial losses and compromised personal information. In the steadily advancing scene of computerized exchanges and online co-operations, the predominance of fake activities has required the advancement of hearty extortion discovery systems. This paper presents a clever way to deal with planning an effective Fraud Detection System (FDS) for constant applications, utilizing progressed Machine Learning calculations. To improve the accuracy and effectiveness of fraud detection, the proposed system combines a number of machine learning (ML) methods, such as supervised learning algorithms like Random Forests, Gradient Boosting Machines, and Support Vector Machines, and unsupervised learning methods like Auto encoders and Clustering algorithms. In order to deal with the diverse and imbalanced nature of transaction data, the system makes use of feature engineering and data preprocessing strategies. Continuous handling abilities are accomplished using streaming information systems and adaptable ML models, guaranteeing convenient ID and alleviation of deceitful exercises. Metrics like precision, recall, and F1-score are used for performance evaluation. The results show that compared to traditional methods, there are significant improvements in detection rates and fewer false positives. The proposed FDS framework not just works on the unwavering quality of misrepresentation recognition continuously situations yet in addition offers bits of knowledge into the versatile idea of misrepresentation designs, preparing for stronger and proactive safety efforts in monetary and web based business spaces. Future research could investigate the incorporation of cutting edge profound learning models and further advancement of the framework design to deal with considerably bigger datasets and more mind boggling extortion designs. Sujata Publication 2026-03-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/41 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.09 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 71-79 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/41/32 Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/43 2026-03-13T13:22:26Z files:ART

AI-Powered Smart Irrigation Systems for Sustainable Agriculture Divya Verma Umar Badr Shafeeque Artificial Intelligence, Smart Irrigation, IoT, Precision Agriculture, Sustainable Farming, Water Management. Agriculture is the backbone of the global economy, but it faces critical challenges, including water scarcity, inefficient irrigation practices, and the need for sustainable resource management. Traditional irrigation systems often lead to overuse of water, resulting in wastage and reduced crop productivity. To address these issues, this dissertation focuses on the development and implementation of an AI-Powered Smart Irrigation System. The proposed system integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI) with Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to automate and optimize irrigation processes. Real-time data, including soil moisture levels, weather conditions, and crop-specific requirements, are collected through IoT sensors. Machine learning algorithms analyze this data to predict water needs accurately, ensuring precise and timely irrigation. The system also incorporates user-friendly interfaces for remote monitoring and control, enabling farmers to make informed decisions. This research employs a comprehensive methodology, including a detailed system design, simulation, and field trials in diverse agricultural conditions. The anticipated outcomes include significant water savings, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact, offering a sustainable and scalable solution for modern farming. By addressing the intersection of technology and agriculture, the study contributes to solving critical global challenges such as food security, water management, and climate resilience. Sujata Publication 2026-03-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/43 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.07 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 47-54 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/43/33 Copyright (c) 2026 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/45 2026-04-10T11:10:27Z files:ART

Integrating Indian Knowledge Systems and Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Heritage Tourism Development in Pune City Nachiket Aradhye Artificial intelligence, Indian knowledge systems, heritage tourism, cultural sustainability, authenticity, digital interpretation Technological innovation and traditional knowledge frameworks are increasingly recognized as complementary approaches in sustainable heritage tourism development. This study explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) as a multidimensional framework for improving visitor engagement, accessibility, authenticity, and sustainability. Using an exploratory qualitative research design, the study synthesizes interdisciplinary literature from tourism studies, technology research, cultural heritage scholarship, and indigenous knowledge research. Findings indicate that AI enhances interpretation, accessibility, and personalization, while IKS contributes cultural depth, ethical grounding, and sustainability orientation. The analysis suggests that heritage tourism strategies are most effective when technological tools are guided by culturally rooted knowledge systems. The study proposes an integrated conceptual approach that combines digital innovation with traditional knowledge to support inclusive, authentic, and sustainable heritage tourism development. Sujata Publication 2026-04-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/45 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.10 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 80-84 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/45/34 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/47 2026-04-10T11:10:36Z files:ART

Management of Glaucoma: Effective Drug Delivery via Niosomes Tulsi Bisht Anu Singh Rawat Niosomes, Glaucoma, novel drug delivery. Glaucoma is a term used for a group of diseases; associated with optic nerve damage which leads to loss of retinal ganglionic cells. Niosomes which are nano-sized, non-ionic surfactant vesicles, offer a superior drug delivery system for glaucoma by overcoming traditional eye drop limitations like rapid drainage and poor penetration, leading to sustained drug release, prolonged ocular residence, better patient compliance, and reduced side effects by encapsulating drugs like latanoprost or brimonidine within their bilayers, enhancing drug availability at the target site to effectively lower intraocular pressure (IOP) and prevent blindness. Sujata Publication 2026-04-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/47 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.11 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 85-88 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/47/35 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/48 2026-04-10T11:10:44Z files:ART

Impact of postpartum hypothyroidism on menstrual patterns and quality of life: A Longitudinal Study Shipra Shrivastava Devesh Kumar Joshi Ruchir Jain Parag Kumar Shrivastava Postpartum hypothyroidism, Menstrual irregularities, Quality of life (QoL), Thyroid profile, Women’s health Introduction: Postpartum hypothyroidism is a common condition affecting women's health and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate its impact on menstrual patterns and QoL in postpartum women. Objective: To evaluate the impact of postpartum hypothyroidism on menstrual patterns and quality of life (QoL) in women. Methods: This longitudinal study included 470 postpartum women, of whom 122 had hypothyroidism (cases). The study included 120 women aged 18-45 who presented with menstrual abnormalities. All these subjects were evaluated clinically and the data recorded as per the proforma. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the association between hypothyroidism and menstrual irregularities in women attending Rajeev Gandhi College and General Hospital, Bhopal (MP). Menstrual patterns and QoL scores were assessed at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postpartum. Results: Women with postpartum hypothyroidism (n=122, 25.9%) had higher rates of menstrual irregularities (e.g., irregular cycles in 53.3%) and lower QoL scores (52.3±10.5) compared to women without hypothyroidism. TSH levels correlated negatively with QoL scores (r=-0.35, p<0.01). Conclusion: Postpartum hypothyroidism is associated with significant menstrual irregularities and impaired QoL. Early detection and management may improve outcomes. Hypothyroidism is known to affect a wide range of physiological systems, including menstrual function, in women of reproductive age. Sujata Publication 2026-04-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/48 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.12 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 89-95 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/48/36 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/50 2026-04-14T05:44:14Z files:ART

Garlic Oil and Manuka Honey-Based Nanoemulsion Systems for Antimicrobial Therapy: Current Insights and Future Perspectives Ritu Bharti Tulsi Bisht Garlic oil, Manuka honey, Nanoemulsion, Antimicrobial therapy, Polyherbal formulation Garlic oil and Manuka honey are natural antimicrobial agents widely recognized for their therapeutic potential. Garlic oil contains sulfur-based compounds responsible for antimicrobial activity, while Manuka honey exhibits unique antibacterial properties due to methylglyoxal content. However, their pharmaceutical application is limited by poor solubility, instability, and formulation challenges. Nanoemulsion-based drug delivery systems provide an effective approach to enhance stability, bioavailability, and antimicrobial efficacy. This review focuses on formulation strategies, characterization, antimicrobial mechanisms, applications, challenges, and future perspectives of garlic oil and Manuka honey-based nanoemulsion systems. The synergistic effect of these natural components makes them promising candidates for topical antimicrobial therapy, especially in acne management. Sujata Publication 2026-04-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/50 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.13 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 96-102 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/50/37 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/51 2026-04-14T05:44:20Z files:ART

Application of Deep Learning and Machine Learning Algorithms in Predicting Drug Stability and Bioavailability Lubna Nousheen Mohammad Shamim Qureshi Sameera Fatima Deep learning; Machine learning; Drug stability; Bioavailability prediction; Molecular descriptors; Convolutional Neural Network; Gradient Boosting; SHAP; Pharmaceutical development; QSAR Predicting the shelf life and oral absorption of drug candidates during the early phases of pharmaceutical development remains a formidable challenge, frequently contributing to expensive late-stage failures. In this investigation, deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) techniques were employed to forecast two pivotal pharmaceutical parameters chemical stability and oral bioavailability using a carefully assembled dataset of 450 small-molecule compounds with experimentally validated profiles. Five distinct computational architectures were constructed and systematically benchmarked: Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Molecular descriptors and extended-connectivity fingerprints served as input representations, and model performance was assessed through root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R²), and mean absolute error (MAE). For bioavailability estimation, the CNN architecture produced the strongest predictive capability (R² = 0.91, RMSE = 8.34%), whereas the GBM model outperformed all others in stability forecasting (R² = 0.89, RMSE = 4.21 months). Interpretability analysis using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) identified lipophilicity, molecular weight, hydrogen bond donor count, and topological polar surface area as the descriptors with the greatest influence on prediction outcomes. These results illustrate the capacity of DL and ML methodologies to meaningfully accelerate pharmaceutical screening by providing early-stage estimates of stability and bioavailability, thereby supporting more informed decision-making throughout the drug development pipeline. Sujata Publication 2026-04-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/51 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.14 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 103-110 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/51/38 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/53 2026-04-14T05:44:27Z files:ART

Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Celecoxib Sustained Release Tablets Using Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Polymer Matrices Mehreen Saba Lubna Nousheen Mohammad Shamim Qureshi Carbopol 934P, Celecoxib, direct compression, HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, in vitro dissolution, Korsmeyer-Peppas model, sustained release tablet Background: Celecoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor widely prescribed for management of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute pain. Its short biological half-life and poor aqueous solubility (BCS Class II) necessitate frequent dosing, which compromises patient compliance. Objective: This study aimed to formulate sustained-release (SR) tablets of celecoxib using hydrophilic (HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, Carbopol 934P) and hydrophobic (ethyl cellulose) polymers by direct compression and evaluate them through comprehensive physicochemical and in vitro dissolution testing. Methods: Six formulations (F1–F6) were prepared at varying polymer concentrations. Pre- and post-compression parameters were assessed per Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) and USP standards. Dissolution was studied in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 over 12 hours using USP Apparatus II. Release kinetics were modelled using zero-order, first-order, Higuchi,and Korsmeyer-Peppas models. Results: All formulations exhibited acceptable hardness (7.8–8.5 kg/cm²), friability (<1%), and drug content 97.6–99.1%). Formulation F6 (Carbopol 934P) demonstrated optimum cumulative drug release of 75.4% at 12 hours with best kinetic fit to the Korsmeyer-Peppas model (R² = 0.996, n = 0.728), indicating non-Fickian anomalous diffusion. Conclusion: Celecoxib SR tablets with satisfactory physicochemical characteristics and sustained drug release suitable for twice-daily dosing were successfully formulated using Carbopol 934P as the matrix polymer. Sujata Publication 2026-04-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/53 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.15 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 111-120 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/53/39 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/54 2026-04-22T17:04:57Z files:ART

Transdermal Herbal Patch using Ocimum Gratissimum: A Review Tulsi Bisht Dipesh Sharma TDDS, Ocimum gratissimum, Herbal patch, Controlled release, matrix patch, Biocompatible polymers, Antifungal therapy, Patient compliance, Bypassing First-pass metabolism This research explores the development and evaluation of a herbal transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) patch incorporating Ocimum gratissimum extract for antifungal therapy. Ocimum Gratissimum, rich in bioactive compounds such as eugenol and flavonoids, is extracted and uniformly blended into a biocompatible polymer matrix to create a medicated adhesive patch. This matrix-type. TDDS ensures the controlled, sustained release of antifungal phytochemicals through the skin, achieving therapeutic levels at the site of infection while bypassing gastrointestinal metabolism. The advantages of this approach include improved patient compliance, reduced systemic side effects, and steady plasma drug levels, making it particularly valuable for chronic or recurrent skin infections. Ultimately, this study demonstrates the potential of Ocimum gratissimum-loaded herbal patches as a safe, natural, and effective alternative in antifungal transdermal therapy, aligned with modern controlled drug delivery principles and patientcentered care. Sujata Publication 2026-04-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/54 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.16 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 121-130 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/54/40 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/56 2026-04-25T10:26:11Z files:ART

Review Article on Investigating the use of Medicinal Plants in Protecting Against Neurodegenerative Disease and Mental Disorder Ananya Anand Priya Kumari Seema Yadav Shefali Singh Anjali Sharma Bhavya Kumari Ayushi Maloo Sarila Khan Alzheimer's disease, neurodegenerative, curcuma longa, neuronal Neurodegeneration, the word describing the condition of neuronal death brought on by a chronic, degenerative disease, is one of the most significant health concerns of the twenty-first century. Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, epilepsy, and other neurodegenerative illnesses (NDs) and Huntington's, which affect millions of people globally, represent a serious danger to global health. The potential therapeutic effects of traditional herbal therapy in controlling and preventing certain disorders have drawn attention. Six herbal plants, including Curcuma longa (turmeric), Lavandula angustifolia (lavender), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary), Cardiospermum halicacabum (balloon vine), Careya arborea (wild guava), and Withania somnifera (ashwagandha), are highlighted in this review for their neuroprotective qualities. These plants have antiinflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antioxidant properties that prevent neurodegeneration and increase neuronal survival. Their bioactive substances, including linalool, curcumin, and Withanolides show promise in reducing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and cognitive loss. An overview of various well-known neuroprotective plants and their therapeutic applications in the treatment of NDs is given in this review, which also highlights the pharmacological characteristics, modes of action, and current knowledge of their effectiveness. Sujata Publication 2026-04-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/56 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.17 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 131-136 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/56/41 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/58 2026-04-24T07:16:19Z files:ART

AI Code Reviewer: Real-Time Code Analysis with GitHub Integration Mohd Danish Mohmmad Kashif Al Zaid Saman Khan AI code review, real-time analysis, GitHub integration, MCP server, Cerebras, Groq , dual model architecture, automated programming. This paper presents an AI Code Reviewer system designed to enhance software development workflows through real-time code analysis and automated GitHub integration. The system provides an interactive coding environment where developers receive immediate AI-powered feedback on syntax errors, security vulnerabilities, and optimisation opportunities. As users write code, artificial intelligence continuously reviews the content, offering suggestions to improve code quality and adherence to best practices. The system in- corporates an MCP (Model Context Protocol) server that enables natural language interaction, allowing developers to query the AI model for specific improvements. Our implementation utilises a dual-model architecture combining the Cerebras and Groq models to enhance response accuracy through iterative refinement. Upon completion, the AI agent automatically pushes reviewed code to GitHub repositories using secure access tokens. This end-to-end automation bridges the gap between code development and version control, reducing manual steps and deployment errors. Experimental evaluation demonstrates significant improvements in code quality and development efficiency compared to traditional review methods. Sujata Publication 2026-04-24 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/58 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.18 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 137-144 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/58/42 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/59 2026-04-29T11:20:44Z files:ART

Review Article on in-vitro Assessment of Antidiabetic Potential of Selected Medicinal Plants with an Antioxidant Correction Anjali Sharma Seema Yadav Shefali Singh Priya Kumari Ananya Anand Bhavya Kumari Ayushi Maloo Sarila Khan Diabetes Mellitus , Moringa oliefera, Fenugreek, Insulin Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing globally, leading to serious long-term complications such as cardiovascular diseases, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Although conventional antidiabetic drugs are effective, they are frequently associated with adverse effects such as hypoglycaemia, gastrointestinal disturbances, weight gain, and organ toxicity. Therefore, medicinal plants are increasingly investigated as complementary or alternative therapeutic agents due to their affordability and multi-target mechanisms. This review focuses on the in vitro assessment of antidiabetic potential of selected medicinal plants through enzyme inhibition assays such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, antiglycation studies, glucose uptake assays, aldose reductase inhibition, and antioxidant screening [6–8]. The role of oxidative stress in diabetes progression is discussed, along with the significance of antioxidant correction using plant-derived phytochemicals. Plants including Momordica charantia, Gymnema sylvestre, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum, Syzygium cumini, Curcuma longa, Cinnamomum verum, Allium sativum, and Aloe vera are reviewed for their phytochemical constituents and mechanisms of action. Sujata Publication 2026-04-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/59 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.19 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 145-150 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/59/43 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/60 2026-05-02T05:55:25Z files:ART

Synthetic Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Medium: A Comprehensive Review of Advances Arjun G. Kalkhambkar Avadhut P. Manage Sandeep M. Deshpande corrosion inhibitors, mild steel, hydrochloric acid, Schiff bases, Langmuir adsorption, electrochemical impedance. Mild steel undergoes aggressive dissolution when exposed to hydrochloric acid solutions, a problem of enormous practical consequence in industrial operations ranging from acid descaling and pickling to oil-well stimulation. Over the fifteen-year span from 2010 to 2025, a remarkable body of experimental and computational work has accumulated on the development, characterization, and mechanistic understanding of synthetic organic corrosion inhibitors for this metal-medium combination. The present review examines that body of work, organized around the principal experimental and theoretical tools employed by researchers. Beginning with the effect of inhibitor concentration on protection efficiency, the discussion proceeds through the thermodynamic activation parameters derived from temperature-dependent gravimetric studies, the adsorption isotherms and associated free-energy parameters that characterize inhibitor-surface binding, and the electrochemical methods—Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy— that reveal the mode and kinetics of inhibitor action at the electrode-electrolyte interface. Density functional theory calculations and their principal descriptors, including frontier orbital energies, energy gap, electron-transfer fraction, and Fukui functions, are reviewed in the context of structure-property correlations. Surface characterization data from scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and UV-visible spectrophotometry are assessed as independent confirmation of film formation. Throughout, special attention is given to the contributions of Kalkhambkar and Rajappa from D.M.S. Mandal's Bhaurao Kakatkar College, Belgaum, whose multi-technique investigations of quinazoline Schiff bases and amino acidderived compounds in hydrochloric acid medium constitute notable contributions to the field. Four consolidated data tables covering 28 inhibitor systems are provided, enabling direct comparison of inhibition efficiencies, activation parameters, DFT descriptors, and adsorption thermodynamics across structurally diverse compound classes. Sujata Publication 2026-05-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/60 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.20 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 151-169 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/60/44 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/61 2026-05-08T08:02:52Z files:ART

Neurobiological Correlates of Schizophrenia and Implications for Psychotherapy Raja Roy Choudhury Isha Joshi Mayur Phatak Schizophrenia, Neurobiology, Dopaminergic Dysregulation, Cognitive Remediation, Neuroplasticity, Psychotherapy Integration, Brain Connectivity, Synaptic Pruning The nature of schizophrenia makes it a complex mental disorder that is associated with severe problems in perception, emotion, behaviour and cognition. The neurological causes of this disorder were clarified with the help of recent decades in terms of molecular genetics, neurochemistry, neuroimaging. In conjunction with impairments in the functionality of corporal connections within the fronto-temporal and fronto-limbic loops, structural changes in the brain, such as the depletion of gray mass in the prefrontal premises and hippocampus, are often found. Neurochemical researches point to the problem that positive and negative symptomatology are both caused by the malfunction of the dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic systems. Moreover, recent evidence also highlights the importance of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation as well as abnormal synaptic pruning in neurodevelopment as pathological processes. These discoveries will have an enormous effect on psychotherapy, which gradually incorporates neurobiological theories to achieve more accurate treatment. Cognitive remediation therapy, metacognitive training, and neurofeedback are some of the treatments used to improve functional recovery based on brain plasticity and cognitive deficits knowledge. Given the way neurobiology and psychosocial determinants interact, customized treatment preconditioned by the neurophysiological and experience aspects of the schizophrenic condition can be developed. Such a combined approach to the issue supports a better long-term recovery and the creation of a universal treatment plan as it relates clinical practice to the brain research. Sujata Publication 2026-05-06 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/61 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.21 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 170-195 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/61/45 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/62 2026-05-13T09:32:16Z files:ART

Synthesis and Pharmacological Activities of Schiff Base Derivatives: An Overview Bhawana Belwal Praveen Kumar Schiff bases, azomethines, medicinal chemistry, antimicrobial activity, anticancer activity, metal complexes, pharmacological activity, synthesis, hydrazones. Schiff bases are an important class of organic compounds characterized by the presence of an azomethine group (–C=N–), generally synthesized by condensation reactions between primary amines and aldehydes or ketones. Due to their structural diversity, ease of synthesis, and remarkable pharmacological properties, Schiff base derivatives have emerged as promising candidates in medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical research. The present review highlights recent advances in the synthesis, physicochemical characteristics, metal complex formation, and pharmacological activities of Schiff base derivatives. Various synthetic approaches including conventional heating, microwave-assisted synthesis, solvent-free synthesis, and green chemistry methods have been discussed. Schiff bases and their metal complexes exhibit broad-spectrum biological activities such as antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antitubercular, antidepressant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and anticancer activities. Their ability to chelate transition metal ions significantly enhances their biological potential and therapeutic applications. The review also focuses on structure–activity relationship studies, mechanisms of action, analytical characterization techniques, and future perspectives for the development of novel Schiff base derivatives as therapeutic agents. Owing to their excellent pharmacological profile and synthetic versatility, Schiff bases continue to attract substantial attention in modern drug discovery and development research. Sujata Publication 2026-05-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/62 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.22 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 196-202 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/62/46 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/63 2026-05-27T06:23:47Z files:ART

Socio-Legal Dimensions of Matrimonial Disputes in India: Special Reference to Personal Laws Deepti Jha Niti Nipuna Saxena Matrimonial disputes, Personal laws, Marriage, Divorce, Family courts, Gender justice, Domestic violence, Maintenance, Social change, Uniform Civil Code. Marriage is one of the most significant social institutions in India and forms the foundation of family and society. However, rapid social transformation, changing gender roles, economic pressures, urbanization, and increased awareness of legal rights have contributed to a substantial rise in matrimonial disputes across the country. Matrimonial disputes include issues such as divorce, domestic violence, maintenance, child custody, dowry harassment, cruelty, desertion, and property-related conflicts. In India, matrimonial relations are governed not by a uniform civil code but by different personal laws based on religion, including Hindu, Muslim, Christian, and Parsi laws. This plurality of personal laws creates legal diversity but also generates inconsistencies in the treatment of spouses, particularly women. This research paper examines matrimonial disputes from both social and legal perspectives with special reference to personal laws in India. It analyzes the historical development of matrimonial laws, major causes of disputes, judicial approaches, and the role of family courts and mediation mechanisms in dispute resolution. The study further fevaluates the constitutional principles of equality and justice in relation to personal laws and highlights the challenges faced in ensuring gender justice within the existing legal framework. The paper also discusses landmark judicial decisions and legislative reforms aimed at protecting the rights of spouses and promoting social harmony. The study concludes that while personal laws preserve religious and cultural diversity, there is a pressing need for reforms to ensure uniform standards of justice, equality, and dignity. Effective implementation of laws, promotion of mediation, legal literacy, and gender-sensitive reforms are essential for reducing matrimonial conflicts and strengthening the institution of marriage in India. Sujata Publication 2025-03-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/63 10.62896/ijmsi.v1.i1.06 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 1 , Issue 1, April 2025; 33-44 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/63/47 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/64 2026-06-17T07:24:18Z files:ART

Effects of Tylenchulus semipenetrans on Growth and Yield of Citrus Plants in Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar District, Maharashtra, India Dhanawade B.B Dama L.B Citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Citrus orchards, Yield loss, Maharashtra, Plant parasitic nematodes. Tylenchulus semipenetrans (N.A. Cobb) is one of the most economically important plant-parasitic nematodes affecting citrus cultivation worldwide. The present investigation was conducted to determine the influence of citrus nematode infestation on growth and yield parameters of citrus orchards in Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar district, Maharashtra, India. Soil and root samples were collected from selected citrus orchards and nematode populations were assessed. Growth characteristics including plant height, canopy spread, leaf size, root development, fruit size, fruit weight and yield were compared between infected and healthy orchards. Results revealed that heavily infested orchards showed significantly reduced vegetative growth and productivity. Infected orchards exhibited chlorosis, stunted growth, poor root development, reduced fruit size and premature fruit drop. Statistical analysis indicated a strong negative correlation between nematode population density and fruit yield (r = -0.92). The study highlights the economic significance of T. semipenetrans and emphasizes the need for integrated nematode management strategies. Sujata Publication 2026-06-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/64 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.23 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 203-207 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/64/48 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/65 2026-06-17T07:24:18Z files:ART

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Face Wash Containing Nutmeg Mohd Abdulla Uzair Sandeep Darbari Herbal Face Wash, Nutmeg The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of a herbal face wash using Myristica fragrans (nutmeg) as the primary active ingredient. The aim was to develop a natural, safe, and effective alternative to synthetic facial cleansers with added antimicrobial and skin-friendly benefits. The formulated product was evaluated for its physicochemical properties, stability, antimicrobial activity, and skin compatibility. The formulation exhibited satisfactory characteristics including appropriate pH, good viscosity, uniform consistency, and adequate spreadability, indicating suitability for topical application and good user acceptability. Stability studies confirmed that the formulation remained physically stable under different storage conditions without significant changes in color, odor, or texture. Antimicrobial evaluation showed effective activity against acnecausing microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes. Skin irritation studies confirmed that the formulation is non-irritant and safe for use. Overall, the developed herbal face wash demonstrated good cleansing efficiency, stability, and antimicrobial properties. The study highlights the potential of Myristica fragrans as a valuable natural ingredient in herbal cosmetic formulations and supports the growing interest in plant-based skincare products as safe and effective alternatives to synthetic formulations. Sujata Publication 2026-06-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/65 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.24 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 208-213 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/65/49 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/67 2026-06-17T07:27:46Z files:ART

Monitoring and Measuring of Clinical Trials: A Comprehensive Review Madhav Nagpal Chetan Singh Risk-Based Monitoring (RBM), Electronic Data Capture (EDC), Clinical Trial Management Systems (CTMS), Artificial Intelligence (AI), clinical trials Clinical trial monitoring and measurement are essential components of pharmaceutical research that ensure data quality, patient safety, and regulatory compliance. This study examines the evolution of monitoring approaches from traditional on-site, SDV-based methods to modern technology-driven systems, including Risk-Based Monitoring (RBM), hybrid models, and centralized monitoring. It also highlights the growing role of digital technologies such as Electronic Data Capture (EDC), Clinical Trial Management Systems (CTMS), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and wearable devices in improving data accuracy, real-time access, and decision-making efficiency. In addition, the study discusses advanced measurement parameters such as patient-reported outcomes (PROs), biomarkers, and realtime physiological data, which have enhanced the scientific validity and patient-centric nature of clinical trials. Despite these advancements, challenges such as regulatory complexity, data privacy concerns, high implementation costs, and skill shortages persist. Overall, the findings indicate a significant transformation toward more efficient, technology-enabled, and risk-focused clinical trial systems that improve transparency, reliability, and global research outcomes. Sujata Publication 2026-06-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/67 10.62896/ijmsi.2.1.25 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 1, January-June 2026; 214-219 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/67/50 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/68 2026-07-15T07:31:35Z files:ART

The effect of bacteria causing urinary tract infections on male fertility in the city of Kut Rania Sabri Hasan Rania Sabri Hasan Othman Hashem Mohammed Wisam Basim Al-tmemy Luma Hikmat Kareem Al-Bayati Alaa Abdalhadi Halboti Male infertility; Genitourinary tract infections; Bacterial infections; Semen analysis; Urine culture; Semen culture; Oligospermia; Azoospermia; Sperm count; Reproductive tract inflammation; Uropathogenic bacteria; Antibiotic susceptibility; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Klebsiella spp. Background: We can use direct microscopic examination techniques of semen and urine, as well as semen and urine culture, for men aged 17 to 50 who are infertile and who suffer from bacterial infections in the reproductive system to detect the presence of inflammatory or bacterial cells in urine or semen samples in order to assess the extent of the impact of these infections on male fertility. Objectives: To determine the impact of bacteria infections in the men genitourinary system on the likelihood of men infertility in the city of Kut, by examining its effect on sperm in semen. Materials and Methods: Microorganisms that cause inflammation of the male reproductive tract and may affect male fertility were detected and identified in sample abtained from (semen and urine). These include E. coli, proteus, coagulase -ve, staphylococci, Staph aureus, Klebsiella spacies, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Pseudo- aeruginosa, and Enter- faecalis. Results: A strong correlation (correlation coefficient = 0.1) was detected between the isolates in urine and seminal fluid samples. It has been shown that this relationship may lead to the possibility of infection being transmitted from the urinary tract to the reproductive system and therefore to the semen. Gent, Ciprofl, Rif, Ceft (Amox and Clavulanic acid), and Aug – these antibiotics has proven affective in traeting moderate to sever infections. The spectrum broad of activity of these potent antibiotics confirms their effectiveness and ability to combat diseases resulting from bacterial infections. Among the patients evaluated, 80 patients suffered from oligospermia, representing 62%, and 37 individuals had azoospermia, representing 28% of the total cases; Representing 10% of the samples, 13 patients showed that their sperm count was within the normal range. Conclusion: The resultse of this stady demonstrated that one of the causes of male infertility is infection of the male reproductive tract with bacteria. Therefore, it is crucial to emphasize the importance of considering multiple factors when evaluating male infertility. Sujata Publication 2026-07-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/68 10.62896/ijmsi.2.2.02 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 2, July-December 2026; 15-21 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/68/51 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/69 2026-07-15T07:31:35Z files:ART

Review of Fast-dissolving Tablets: A noble approach Ayush Tulsi Bisht Fast dissolving tablets, freeze drying, Swallowing. Fast disintegrating tablets (FDTs) have received ever-increasing demand during the last decade, and the field has become a rapidly growing area in the pharmaceutical industry. Oral drug delivery remains the preferred route for administration of various drugs. The popularity and usefulness of the formulation resulted in development of several FDT technologies. FDTs are solid unit dosage forms, which disintegrate or dissolve rapidly in the mouth without chewing and water. FDTs or orally disintegrating tablets provide an advantage particularly for pediatric and geriatric populations who have difficulty in swallowing conventional tablets and capsules. This review describes various formulations and technologies developed to achieve fast dissolution/dispersion of tablets in the oral cavity. In particular, this review describes in detail FDT technologies based on lyophilization, molding, sublimation, and compaction, as well as approaches to enhancing the FDT properties, such as spray drying and use of disintegrants. Sujata Publication 2026-07-01 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/69 10.62896/ijmsi.2.2.01 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 2, July-December 2026; 1-14 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/69/52 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/71 2026-07-15T07:35:57Z files:ART

A Review Article on Electrochemical Supercapacitors: Materials Innovations, Performance Limits, and Commercial Realities Vaibhav D. Patake Avadhut Manage supercapacitors, EDLC, pseudocapacitance, RuO₂, CuO, MXene, graphene, ionic liquid electrolyte, energy density Growing pressure on the global energy system to accommodate a higher share of intermittent renewables has intensified interest in electrochemical storage devices that can absorb and release power on demand within fractions of a second. Supercapacitors fill exactly that role, storing charge through ion adsorption at high-surface-area electrodes or through fast, surface-confined redox reactions, rather than the slower bulk intercalation chemistry that governs battery operation. The result is a device class with power densities one to two orders of magnitude above those of lithium-ion batteries, cycle lives routinely exceeding one hundred thousand chargedischarge events, and charge times measured in seconds rather than hours. What supercapacitors trade away is volumetric and gravimetric energy density, and closing that gap without sacrificing the power and longevity advantages that make these devices useful is the defining challenge of the field today. This review traces the evolution of supercapacitor electrode chemistry from early activated-carbon and electrodeposited metal oxide thin-film systems [5,6,7,8] through graphene- and carbon nanotube-based architectures to the MXene composites and metal-organic framework derivatives that now push laboratory energy densities toward battery territory. It also examines electrolyte development, from aqueous and organic solutions to ionic liquid gels that enable flexible, wearable devices, and discusses candidly the manufacturing, cost, and device-level engineering obstacles that stand between current laboratory performance and broad commercial deployment. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/71 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.o1 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 1-11 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/71/53 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Emerging Frontiers in Computational Physics: From DFT to AIAssisted Modeling Sagar Motanakar Avadhut Manage computational physics, density functional theory, machine learning potentials, neural network force fields, physics-informed neural networks, materials discovery. Computational physics has traversed a remarkable journey over the past five decades, evolving from rudimentary numerical methods to highly sophisticated quantum-mechanical simulations. The discipline today occupies a central position in both fundamental research and applied materials science. Density functional theory (DFT) provided the first practical framework for solving the many-body electron problem with acceptable computational cost, and its widespread adoption transformed how researchers study electronic structure, bonding, and material properties. In recent years, machine learning and artificial intelligence have begun reshaping this landscape once more, enabling models that combine the accuracy of quantum mechanics with computational speeds that were previously unimaginable. This review surveys the historical development of computational physics methods, examines landmark contributions that defined each era, and assesses the current state of AI-assisted modeling. Particular attention is paid to the integration of neural network interatomic potentials, generative models for materials discovery, and physics-informed neural networks. Challenges associated with transferability, interpretability, and data quality are discussed,along with an assessment of the most promising directions for future research. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/72 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.o2 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 12-20 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/72/54 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/73 2026-07-15T07:31:35Z files:ART

Global Research Trends in Yoga for Sports Performance: A Bibliometric Analysis Moradhvaj Singh bibliometric analysis; yoga; sports performance; Scopus; VOSviewer; research trends The intersection of yoga and sports performance has attracted growing scholarly attention over the past two decades, yet no dedicated bibliometric mapping of this research domain has been reported. This study undertook a bibliometric analysis of publications on yoga and sports performance retrieved from the Scopus database for the period 2000 to 2025. A total of 508 documents met the inclusion criteria and were analysed using VOSviewer and the Bibliometrix R package. The analysis examined annual publication trends, contributing countries and institutions, productive journals, highly cited publications, and keyword co-occurrence patterns. Annual output rose from 3 publications in 2000 to 98 in 2024, with marked acceleration after 2014. India and the United States were the leading contributors, together accounting for more than 59 percent of the total output. Five thematic clusters were identified through keyword analysis, centred on flexibility and motor control, psychological regulation, recovery and injury prevention, physiological markers, and cardiorespiratory fitness. The results reveal an expanding and increasingly interdisciplinary field. The analysis highlights underexplored areas including sport-specific yoga protocols, doseresponse relationships and longitudinal tracking of performance outcomes that warrant sustained scholarly attention in the coming decade. Sujata Publication 2026-07-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/73 10.62896/ijmsi.2.2.03 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2 , Issue 2, July-December 2026; 22-29 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/73/55 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Modifying the Structural, Morphological and Dielectric Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles via Co and Ni Doping Preeti Patil Shivshankar G. Bhimraya Biradar Basavaraja Sannakki Shridhar Mathad ZnO, Sol-Gel auto-combustion, XRD, SEM, Dielectric loss. Pure ZnO and (TM) transition metal-doped ZnO NPs (MXZn1-XO NPs M=Co and Ni with X= 0%, 15%, 25%, 35% and 45%) were prepared by using Sol-gel autocombustion method using metal nitrate precursor and sucrose (bio fuel) followed by annealing at 800°C. The synthesized pure ZnO and doped ZnO nanoparticles were evaluated using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The XRD data revealed that the samples exhibited crystalline characteristics with a hexagonal wurtzite structure. Structural parameters, including lattice constants (a and c), the crystallite sizes (D), volume of the unit cell (V) and microstrain (ε) were determined. SEM results showed more porous and loosely agglomerated nanostructures with increased doping. Compared to Ni²⁺ or pure ZnO, Co²⁺ exhibits a greater spike in polarization, dielectric response and conductivity because of its stronger dorbital interactions. Furthermore, Co and Ni doped ZnO exhibit a higher dielectric loss compared to pure ZnO. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/74 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.o3 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 21-30 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/74/56 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Solar Irradiance Forecasting Using Ensemble Machine Learning Methods: A Sustainable Energy Perspective Pooja Chavanpatil olar irradiance forecasting; ensemble learning; Random Forest; XGBoost; gradient boosting; NSRDB; photovoltaic systems; sustainable energy Accurate solar irradiance forecasting is critical for reliable power-grid management. This study evaluates six ensemble machine learning architectures — Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), XGBoost, AdaBoost, LightGBM, and a stacked heterogeneous ensemble — for global horizontal irradiance (GHI) prediction. Three publicly available datasets were employed: the National Solar Radiation Database (NSRDB v3.2.2), the PVGIS Typical Meteorological Year (TMY v5.2), and ERA5 reanalysis fields. The stacked ensemble achieved a normalised root mean square error (nRMSE) of 7.3% across a 12-month hold-out evaluation window, surpassing the best single-model baseline (XGBoost, nRMSE 9.8%) by 25.5% in relative error reduction. Model sensitivity to cloud-cover variability, aerosol loading, and seasonal transitions was systematically characterised. The findings indicate that no single tree-based model generalises robustly across all irradiance regimes; stacking, however, compensates for individual model biases in a measurable and reproducible manner. A critical synthesis of 37 prior studies (2015–2024), a full experimental pipeline, and an operationally grounded evaluation metric framework are provided as a practitioner-oriented reference. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/75 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.o4 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 31-36 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/75/57 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Advances in the Field of Ferrites Over the Last Decade: Synthesis, Properties, and Emerging Applications Rajkumar Kage Avadhut Manage spinel ferrites, hexagonal ferrites, garnet ferrites, nanoferrites, electromagnetic wave absorption, photocatalysis, biomedical applications, multiferroics Ferrites, a structurally diverse family of iron-oxide-based magnetic ceramics, have experienced a remarkable renaissance over the past decade, driven by growing demands across energy technology, biomedicine, environmental remediation, and high-frequency electronics. This review surveys the major advances recorded between 2014 and 2024, covering developments in spinel, hexagonal, and garnet ferrite systems. We highlight breakthroughs in nanostructure engineering, cation substitution strategies, and green synthesis protocols, as well as their impact on electromagnetic wave absorption, lithium-ion battery anodes, photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, and targeted drug delivery. Emerging frontiers such as room-temperature multiferroic composites, magnonic devices, and machine-learning-guided compositional design are discussed. Together, these developments underscore that ferrite research remains one of the most fertile and practically consequential domains within the broader landscape of functional materials science. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/76 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.o5 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 37-44 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/76/58 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Co/Ni Oxide electrodes for High Performance Supercapacitors Maruti S Redekar Vijay Kule Laxman Survase Supercapacitors, pseudocapacitor, Co/Ni oxides, Nanostructured electrodes, Electrochemical performance The growing demand for efficient and sustainable energy storage systems has stimulated extensive research into advanced supercapacitor electrode materials. Among the various transition metal oxides, those based on cobalt and nickel have emerged as promising candidates due to their rich redox behaviour, multiple oxidation states, and high theoretical capacitance. Notably, mixed Co/Ni oxides have demonstrated superior electrochemical performance compared to individual metal oxides, attributable to the synergistic interaction between cobalt and nickel ions. Recent advancements in nanostructure engineering have significantly enhanced the electrochemical properties of these materials by improving surface area, electrical conductivity, and ion/electron transport pathways. This review offers a comprehensive overview of Co/Ni oxide-based materials for high-performance supercapacitor applications. The fundamental mechanisms of charge storage and key electrochemical parameters are succinctly examined. Various synthesis methods, including hydrothermal, sol–gel, co-precipitation, and electrodeposition techniques, are analysed with a focus on their impact on morphology and electrochemical behaviour. Various nanostructured architectures, such as nanosheets, nanowires, nanoflowers, and hierarchical structures, are analysed with respect to their specific capacitance, rate capability, and cycling stability. Furthermore, the primary challenges related to conductivity, structural degradation, and large-scale fabrication are examined, alongside potential strategies for enhancing performance. Ultimately, future directions for the advancement of durable and efficient Co/Ni oxide supercapacitors are discussed. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/77 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.o6 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 45-73 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/77/59 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Zinc Oxide: Crystal Chemistry, Defect Physics, and Functional Applications P. S. Patil zinc oxide; wurtzite; point defects; photocatalysis; piezoelectricity; dilute magnetic semiconductor Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a II-VI semiconductor with a direct band gap of approximately 3.37 eV and an exciton binding energy of 60 meV at room temperature. These properties, together with its chemical stability, non-toxicity, and earth-abundant composition, have made it the subject of sustained research over several decades. This review examines the structural and electronic properties of ZnO, with particular attention to native point defects and their role in n-type conductivity. We discuss the main synthesis routes, both physical and chemical, and describe how growth conditions govern grain morphology, oxygen stoichiometry, and carrier concentration. The review then surveys established and emerging application areas, including UV photodetection, piezoelectric transducers, gas sensing, photocatalysis, and dilute magnetic semiconductor behaviour following transition-metal doping. Where relevant, we note unresolved debates in the literature, such as the precise identification of donor species and the difficulty of achieving stable p-type ZnO. Representative references are drawn from peer-reviewed sources spanning the past three decades.  Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/78 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.o7 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 74-79 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/78/60 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Functional Requirements of Multiferroic and Magnetoelectric Coupled Materials: Structural, Electronic, and ApplicationDriven Perspectives Avadhut Manage B G Hegde Shidaling Matteppanavar multiferroics; magnetoelectric coupling; ferroelectric; ferromagnetic; ME coefficient; composite heterostructure; thin film; 2D multiferroics; device requirements. Multiferroic and magnetoelectrically (ME) coupled materials have attracted considerable attention because they simultaneously support at least two ferroic orders and, in the ME subclass, allow one order to be controlled by a conjugate field of the other. Translating these coupled phenomena into viable device technologies imposes a precise and demanding set of material requirements that extend well beyond the simple coexistence of ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity. This review articulates those requirements in a systematic manner, addressing crystal-structural prerequisites, electronic-structure constraints, thermal and chemical stability benchmarks, and the interface engineering criteria relevant to composite ME heterostructures. Bulk single-phase systems, composite laminates, nanostructured films, and emerging two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals multiferroics are each examined through the lens of what the material must deliver, rather than merely what has been observed. Special attention is given to the figures of merit that govern sensor, energyharvesting, memory, and neuromorphic device applications, because the requirements hierarchy shifts substantially depending on the end use. Ongoing challenges in reconciling contradictory structural demands, suppressing leakage currents, and characterizing ME coupling quantitatively are discussed, and pathways toward materials that meet multiple simultaneous requirements are proposed. The article draws on a broad literature base spanning theoretical prediction, synthesis, and functional characterization of representative systems including BiFeO₃- based perovskites, BaTiO₃/CoFe₂O₄ composites, layered Cr₂Ge₂Te₆ and CuCrP₂S₆, and strain-engineered thin films. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/79 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.o8 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 80-88 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/79/61 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Sustainable Biodiesel Production in India from Non-Edible and Waste Feedstocks Shiv Kumar Singh Shyam Nagmani Manikpuri biodiesel; India; non‑edible oilseeds; used cooking oil; waste feedstocks; sustainable energy; biofuel policy. India faces significant energy security challenges because crude oil import dependence remains high while demand for diesel continues to grow. Biodiesel from non‑edible and waste feedstocks offers a sustainable route that can contribute to national blending targets and reduce reliance on imported fossil fuels. This review examines the present status, feedstock landscape, opportunities, barriers, and future pathways for biodiesel production in India using non‑edible oilseeds such as Jatropha curcas, Pongamia pinnata and Madhuca indica, along with waste‑derived resources such as used cooking oil and animal tallow. Current biodiesel output in India remains far below the quantity required to achieve meaningful blending targets, despite a substantial theoretical resource base. Sectoral growth has been constrained by feedstock supply limitations, cost pressures, fragmented collection systems, and policy and institutional challenges. At the same time,biodiesel development offers opportunities in waste valorization, rural income generation, greenhouse‑gas mitigation, and partial import substitution. The review discusses technical, economic, environmental and policy dimensions relevant to the Indian context and outlines practical strategies for scaling sustainable biodiesel systems. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/82 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.10 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 89-96 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/82/63 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Recent Advances in Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting: Fundamental Mechanism, Material Design and Challenges in Performance Narayan P. Toralkar Sudhakara A. Praveen B. M. Jyoti Mahadev Madar Arati Chikorde MahammadAiyan.Zunjawad Water Splitting, Electrocatalysis, Hydrogen Evolution Reaction, Oxygen Evolution Reaction, Nanomaterials, Green Hydrogen. Electrochemical water splitting is a viable method for producing hydrogen (H2) sustainably and a crucial part of clean energy technology. However, the slow kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), especially the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), limit its effectiveness, making the development of effective electrocatalysts necessary to lower overpotential and increase reaction rates.[9,22] This overview outlines the fundamentals of water splitting, with a focusing on mechanism of HER and OER.. Noble metal catalysts—such as platinum for HER and Iridium or Ruthenium oxides for OER—serve as benchmarks because of their higher activity but are constrained by their high cost and scarcity.[6,21] As a result, considerable efforts have focused on earth-abundant alternatives that balance performance and cost, such as transition metal oxides, sulfides, carbides, and nitrides. Key design strategies, including defect engineering, heterostructure generation, nanostructuring, and electronic structure manipulation, are emphasised for their role in boosting active site density and optimizing adsorption properties to enhance catalytic efficiency. Advances in computational modelling have enabled rational catalyst design. Despite these advances, challenges such as gas crossover, high overpotentials, catalyst degradation, and scalability remain. To achieve effective and large-scale green hydrogen production, these challenges must be addressed through better materials and system design. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/86 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.11 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 97-107 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/86/65 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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AI In Drug Discovery: Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Is A New Era of Therapeutics Jyoti Mahadev Madar Jyoti Mahadev Madar Murughendra Biradar Anti-cancer drug discovery, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, artificial intelligence, biomedical. Cancer disease continues to impose a substantial heavy burden on our global health systems, necessitating continuous innovation in therapeutic development. Earlier drug discovery strategies mainly depend on nonspecific cytotoxic agents, associated with limited selectivity and adverse effects. On other hand, recent advances in molecular biology, genomics, and computational sciences have enabled a transition toward mechanismdriven and patient-specific therapeutic design. This review examines contemporary strategies in anti-cancer drug discovery, including targeted therapies, immunotherapeutic interventions, and precision-based approaches. Additionally, it highlights the integration of new technologies such as artificial intelligence and high-throughput methodologies. Current limitations and future prospects in oncology drug development are also discussed in this article. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/87 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.12 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 108-111 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/87/66 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/88 2026-07-15T07:39:26Z files:ART

A Comparative Review of Green-Synthesized Species-Specific Pheromones and Conventional Chemical Insecticides for Managing Invasive Insect Populations Mayura Nibandhe Green synthesis; pheromones; invasive insects; sustainable pest management; chemical insecticides; integrated pest management. Invasive insect species remain among the most persistent threats to agricultural productivity, food security, and ecosystem stability, and their suppression has long depended on synthetic chemical insecticides. Accumulating evidence of environmental toxicity, accelerating resistance, and harm to beneficial organisms has shifted attention toward selective and ecologically compatible alternatives. This review examines the comparative standing of green-synthesized species-specific pheromones and conventional chemical insecticides as instruments for managing invasive insect populations. Drawing on published work across invasion ecology, chemical ecology, and green chemistry, the discussion considers the mechanisms, field performance, and ecological footprint of each approach. Attention is given to the behavioural basis of pheromone-mediated control, the rise of plant-assisted and microbial synthesis routes, and the consequences of each strategy for biodiversity and long-term sustainability. The synthesized evidence indicates that although chemical insecticides frequently deliver rapid and pronounced suppression, green-synthesized pheromones achieve broadly comparable management while inflicting markedly lower collateral damage on non-target communities. The review also weighs the economic, regulatory, and technical factors that govern adoption and identifies the principal gaps that currently constrain wider deployment. On balance, green-synthesized pheromones emerge as credible, species-specific components of integrated pest management and align closely with the broader transition toward environmentally responsible agriculture. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/88 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.13 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 112-117 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/88/67 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Generalized Contra-Continuous Mappings in Binary Topological Spaces Savita G. Hanamapure NVN Babu Binary topology, Contra-continuous mappings, Generalized continuity, Binary closed sets, Topological mappings The study of generalized forms of continuity has played an important role in the development of modern topology. In recent years, several extensions of classical topological concepts have been introduced in order to investigate more complex mapping structures. One of the important generalizations of continuity is contra-continuity, in which the inverse image of every open set is closed. On the other hand, binary topological spaces provide a generalized framework where ordered pairs of subsets are used to define open and closed structures. We present a new classes class of generalized contra-continuous mappings, known as generalized continuous contour maps, in binary topological spaces topologies in this paper, and we examine explore thei fundamental basic properties. Several connections between binary contra-continuous continuous mappings are discovered, and generalized binary closed sets are created. establishments. On the interrelation of inclusion, the composition of mappings, and the characteristics of mapping and preservation, numerous structural findings pertaining to inclusion relations are found. characteristics. Given examples and counterexamples, non-examples, to demonstrate the independent autonomy of the newly defined concepts. conditions. The findings of this study have broadened the scope of the current theory of generalized topology and established a more comprehensive framework for analyzing mappings in the context of binary topological structures. mapping out the topology. In addition to binary topology and general continuity, these findings could also be helpful for future studies on topology and its potential applications in nonlinear mathematical models. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/90 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.14 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 118-122 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/90/69 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Numerical Approximation of Arithmetic Functions and Their Summatory Behavior Using Hybrid Analytic–Computational Techniques Sanjay Onkar NVN Babu Arithmetic functions play a crucial role in analytic number theory, particularly in understanding the multiplicative structure of integers and the distribution of prime numbers. However, the evaluation of their summatory behavior for large inputs remains computationally challenging. This paper presents a hybrid analytic–computational approach for the numerical approximation of classical arithmetic functions, including the Möbius function, Euler’s totient function, and the divisor function. The proposed methodology integrates theoretical tools such as Dirichlet series and asymptotic estimates with numerical techniques including discrete summation, vectorized computation, and iterative approximation methods. The implementation is carried out using the R programming language, enabling efficient computation over large datasets. Summatory functions are evaluated and analyzed through graphical visualization and error estimation. Numerical experiments demonstrate strong agreement between computed values and theoretical approximations. The convergence behavior and stability of the numerical methods are validated through error analysis. The results confirm that the proposed approach provides an efficient and reliable framework for large-scale computation of arithmetic functions. This work establishes a connection between analytic number theory and computational mathematics, offering a practical approach for solving complex numerical problems and enabling further interdisciplinary applications. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/91 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.15 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 123-128 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/91/70 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Numerical Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer through MHD Casson Fluid with Variable properties over a Permeable Elongating Sheet Vishwanath B. Awati Sachin S. Muchandi Nonlinear stretching; Casson fluid; Variable viscosity; Viscous dissipation; Keller box method. The paper presents, the heat and mass transfer characteristics of variable viscous MHD Casson fluid flow over a nonlinear permeable stretching sheet under viscous dissipation with suction. The leading coupled nonlinear partial differential equations (PDE’s) are exercised into coupled self-similar system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODE’s) through suitable similarity variables. These equations are solved numerically by utilizing Keller box method (KBM). The impact of various flow parameters involved in the physical problem are discussed in detail. The attained results are presented in the form of tables and graphs. The analysis reveals that flow is prominently influenced by the physical parameters and also attained results are compared with the earlier published findings which are comparable. The flow is accelerated with variable viscosity and decelerated with suction parameter. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/92 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.16 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 129-138 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/92/71 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Analysis of MHD Squeezing Flow and Radiative Heat Transfer of Ethylene Glycol-Based Magnetite Nanofluid Between Parallel Disks by Chebyshev Pseudo-Spectral Method Yashodha S. Sindhe Vishwanath B. Awati Vishwanath B. Awati Mahesh Kumar N. Ethylene glycol nanofluid; Magnetite nanoparticles; MHD squeezing flow; Thermal radiation; Parallel disks; Chebyshev PseudoSpectral Method; Skin friction; Nusselt number. This study presents a theoretical investigation of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow and heat transfer characteristics of an ethylene glycol (C₂H₆O₄)-based nanofluid containing magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles confined between two parallel disks undergoing squeezing motion, incorporating the effects of an applied magnetic field and thermal radiation. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity transformations. The resulting boundary value problem is then evaluated. numerically using the Chebyshev Pseudo-Spectral Method (CPSM) to obtain highly accurate solutions. The analysis focuses on the velocity and temperature distributions, skin friction coefficient, and Nusselt number for various physical parameters such as magnetic field strength, nanoparticle volume fraction, radiation parameter, and squeezing effect. The results demonstrate that the applied magnetic field significantly influences the flow behavior, while increasing the concentration of magnetite nanoparticles enhances the heat transfer rate and surface skin friction. These findings confirm the potential of magnetite-enhanced ethylene glycol nanofluids for improved thermal performance in advanced heat transfer systems. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/93 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.17 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 139-151 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/93/72 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/94 2026-07-15T07:35:57Z files:ART

A Novel Forgotten-Sombor Energy: Bounds and Applications to Anti-Diabetes Drugs Sunilkumar M. Hosamani Umesh S. Mujumdar Ravishankar L. Hutagi Forgotten-Sombor matrix, spectral radius, Diabetes drugs. 2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 05C50, Secondary 05C92, 05C09. In this paper, we introduce a novel matrix naming it to be Forgotten-Sombor matrix, denoted by ℱ????????(????), for a simple graph ????. This matrix is defined such that for vertices ???????? adjacent to ???????? , the (????,????)-entry is given by √????????(????????) 4 + ????????(????????) 4, where ????????(????????) represents the degree of the vertex ???????? , and zero otherwise. Let ????1 ≥ ????2 ≥ ⋯ ≥ ???????? denote the eigenvalues of ℱ????????(????), with ????1 corresponding to the spectral radius, and let the associated Forgotten-Sombor energy ????ℱ????????(????) be defined as the sum of the absolute values of these eigenvalues. We derived new upper and lower bounds for both ????1 and ????ℱ????????(????) in terms of the first Zagreb index ????1(????). As an application, we conduct a Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) analysis on a dataset comprising drugs used in the treatment of Diabetese, constructing linear regression models to explore the correlation between the physicochemical properties of these drugs and their corresponding ????ℱ????????(????) values, with results illustrated through graphical representations. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/94 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.18 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 152-163 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/94/73 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/95 2026-07-15T07:35:57Z files:ART

A Study on Different Network Topologies Vidyavati V Kamanuri Veeresh A Sajjanara Network Topology, Nodes, Links, Communication, Mesh, Star. Constructing Network topology using computing program helps in understanding various applications in network design. Network topology refers to the physical and logical arrangement of a computer network. It defines the structure of the network of how all the components are interconnected to each other. It is geometrical arrangement of computer resources, remote devices and communication facilities is known as Network structure or Network topology. A computer network is comprised of nodes and links. A node represents an endpoint device such as a computer, terminal device, workstation or any interconnecting equipment facility. The terms “circuit” and “Channel” are frequently used as synonyms for the link. There are different types of the topologies like bus, ring, tree, mesh, tree and hybrid etc. Each topology has its own advantages and Limitations depending on the application. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/95 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.19 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 164-168 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/95/74 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/96 2026-07-15T07:35:57Z files:ART

Elemental Study of Some Selected Medicinal Plants in the Gulbarga Region by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Technique Suman V Korti Mohanraj Pattar Medicinal Plants, FAAS (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy), Elemental Analysis, Nano-drugs, Herbal Medicine. Medicinal plants are extensively used in traditional healthcare systems because of their therapeutic properties and nutritional value. In recent years, they have also gained considerable attention in the green synthesis of nanoparticles for nano-drug development. The formulation of plant-based nanomedicines requires proper understanding and quantitative evaluation of essential elements, as these factors significantly influence safety, therapeutic efficacy, and nanoparticle synthesis. Due to their wide range of medicinal applications, these plants serve as important raw materials for herbal formulations, nutritional supplements, and emerging nano-drug technologies. In the present investigation, leaves of selected medicinal plants, namely Sheesham (Dalbergia sissoo), Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi), and Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), were collected from the Gulbarga region of Karnataka, where they are widely used in the traditional Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine. The collected plant samples were authenticated, shade-dried, powdered, and digested following standard procedures. The samples were subsequently analyzed for the quantitative estimation of essential elements using the Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) technique to evaluate their suitability for the preparation of herbal medicines and nano-drugs. FAAS is an effective analytical technique for determining the concentration of essential elements present in medicinal plants. The analyzed elements included Mg, Al, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn. The results revealed that essential elements such as Fe, Zn, Cu, Ca, and Mg were present in appreciable quantities, thereby contributing to the medicinal importance of the selected plant species. The study scientifically validates the traditional significance of these medicinal plants and highlights their potential applications in herbal drug formulation and future pharmaceutical research. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the importance of FAAS-based quantitative elemental analysis as a reliable, sensitive, and cost-effective method for quality control, safety assessment, optimization of plant extracts in the development of Ayurvedic medicines and eco-friendly nano-drugs. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/96 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.20 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 169-174 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/96/75 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/97 2026-07-15T07:35:57Z files:ART

Incorporation of Azobenzene in Polymers: Photo switchable Architectures, Synthetic Strategies, and Emerging Applications Sandeep M. Deshpande Dr. Arjun G. Kalkhambkar Avadhut Manage azobenzene; photoisomerization; stimuli-responsive polymers; liquid crystal elastomers; photo actuation; side-chain polymers; trans–cis isomerism; smart materials Azobenzene and its derivatives represent one of the most intensively studied classes of photo responsive molecules, primarily because of their clean, reversible photoisomerization between the thermally stable trans (E) and the metastable cis (Z) configurations. When grafted onto or integrated within polymer matrices whether as pendant side groups, main-chain segments, or crosslinking nodes these molecules impart lightresponsiveness to macroscopic materials in ways that purely synthetic analogs rarely achieve. This review consolidates current understanding of the chemistry underlying azobenzene incorporation into polymers, examines the structural diversity of the resulting materials, and surveys the broad spectrum of applications that have emerged over the past two decades, including photoresponsive liquid-crystal networks, drugdelivery platforms, optical data storage, soft actuators, surface-relief gratings, and stimuli-responsive coatings. Challenges still facing the field — such as fatigue resistance, wavelength tunability, and process ability are critically assessed, and an outlook on future directions is offered. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/97 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s1.21 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 1, 2026; 175-181 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/97/76 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/99 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

The Silymarin–Piperine Synergy: A Novel Integrative Strategy for Liver Disorders Suraj Kumar Prajapati Deepak Singh Neetu Sachan Silymarin; Piperine; Hepatoprotection; Bioavailability; Integrative Medicine. Liver diseases constitute a significant global health burden, and the limitations of conventional hepatoprotective therapies have renewed interest in herbal interventions. Silybum marianum (silymarin) and Piper nigrum (piperine) are well-recognized for their hepatoprotective and bioenhancing properties. Their synergistic interaction aligns with Ayurvedic principles such as Rasayana (rejuvenation) and Yogavahi (bioenhancement), providing a conceptual framework for integrative hepatoprotection. Objectives: This study systematically reviews preclinical and clinical evidence on the hepatoprotective effects of silymarin and piperine, both individually and in combination, and interprets these findings in the context of Ayurvedic pharmacodynamic principles. Methods: A systematic literature search (2000– 2025) was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, AYUSH Research Portal, and Google Scholar in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Eligible studies included in vitro, in vivo, and clinical investigations evaluating hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and bioavailability outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE tool for animal studies and the Cochrane ROB-2 tool for clinical trials. Results: A total of 68 studies met the inclusion criteria. Preclinical findings demonstrated significant hepatoprotective effects, evidenced by reductions in serum transaminases, attenuation of oxidative stress, and improved histopathological outcomes. Piperine enhanced the bioavailability of silymarin—primarily through inhibition of glucuronidation—by up to threefold. However, clinical evidence remains limited, with inconsistent improvements in biochemical and histological liver parameters. Conceptual parallels with Ayurvedic principles support a combined Rasayana–Yogavahi mechanism of action. Conclusions: Silymarin and piperine exhibit both biological synergy and conceptual compatibility across biomedical and Ayurvedic paradigms. Their combined use represents a promising avenue for integrative hepatoprotection. Nonetheless, well-designed clinical trials, phyto-pharmaceutical standardization, and omics-based validation are essential to establish robust evidence for their therapeutic application. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/99 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.01 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 1-10 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/99/77 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/100 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

Computational Assessment of Synergistic Interactions Among Phytochemicals from Aloe vera, Plantago major, and Calendula officinalis for Wound Repair Mohit Pal Ashwani Kumar wound, medicinal plants, synergistic interaction, in-silico The integration of complementary and alternative medicine practices with modern computational and in silico approaches enables the reevaluation of ancient knowledge on a scientific basis. This paradigm facilitates biomolecular-level efficacy and safety assessments of traditional therapeutic methods, thereby strengthening their evidencebased use. In this way, herbal and natural remedies, considered part of cultural heritage, can be optimized through contemporary technologies and safely delivered to wider populations. Such a synthesis not only supports biomedical innovation but also ensures the sustainability of centuries-old healing knowledge. The present study aims to investigate, at the molecular level, the combined use and potential synergistic effects of Calendula officinalis, Plantago major, and Aloe vera, which have been traditionally employed in wound treatment. In this context, molecular docking interactions, synergy scores, ADMET properties, and molecular dynamics simulations were evaluated for three major terpenes from C. officinalis essential oil and three major alkaloids reported in the ethanolic extracts of P. major and A. vera. The results revealed that, in addition to the high inhibitory activity of alkaloid constituents against inflammatory and microbial targets, the combination of aloe-emodin, plantamajoside, and τ-muurolol exhibited a pronounced molecular synergy against the T204D inflammationrelated protein target. These findings elucidate the interactions between plant-derived compounds and target proteins, thereby validating traditional uses through modern scientific methodologies and contributing to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/100 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.02 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 11-21 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/100/78 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/101 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

Evaluating Hyperglycaemia-Related Knowledge: A CrossSectional Survey Ansh Panjiyar Ansh Panjiyar Pratyush Purkayastha Blood Glucose, Health Knowledge, Pharmacy Education, Diabetes, Cross-sectional Survey, Uttarakhand Hyperglycaemia constitutes a core metabolic disturbance in diabetes mellitus and presents a growing concern for public health in India, particularly among younger populations. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken to evaluate awareness levels pertaining to hyperglycaemia, including its clinical manifestations, predisposing factors, and preventive strategies, among 270 pharmacy undergraduates aged 18-28 years at JBIT College of Pharmacy, Dehradun. Data collection spanned six months and utilized a pre-tested structured questionnaire administered via Google Forms. Analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. Among respondents, 70.4% were male and 29.6% were female. Results indicated that 86.3% of students possessed prior familiarity with hyperglycaemia, while 81.1% had previously encountered information about elevated blood glucose. Recognition of symptoms was considerable: 84.8% identified increased urinary frequency, 83.0% recognized excessive thirst, 80.4% noted blurred vision, and 77.8% identified fatigue. The connection between hyperglycaemia and diabetes was understood by 81.5% of participants. Concerning risk factors, 80.7% cited high sugar consumption, 83.3% pointed to insulin dysfunction, and 80.7% acknowledged stress. Preventive knowledge was also notable, with 82.2% aware of the benefits of physical activity and 82.6% recognizing the importance of dietary management. The study concludes that pharmacy students at JBIT College demonstrate substantial awareness of hyperglycaemia and its features, reflecting adequate coverage within the existing pharmacy curriculum. Incorporating focused clinical training on patient counselling and early detection could further strengthen the preparedness of future pharmacists in diabetes care.[1-4] Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/101 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.03 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 22-25 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/101/79 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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The Recent Trends and Development of Pharmacovigilance in India Gaurav Kumar Gaurav Kumar Pratyush Purkayastha Pharmacovigilance, Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs), PvPI, Drug Safety, Artificial Intelligence, Signal Detection, VigiBase, Healthcare Professionals, Pharmacogenomics, COVID-19, ADR Reporting, India Introduction: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is essential for monitoring, detecting, and preventing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to ensure drug safety. In India, PV has progressed from a fragmented system in the late 1980s to the structured Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI) under the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC). This review evaluates the evolution, current status, and challenges of PV in India, focusing on ADR reporting, regulatory frameworks, and technological integration. Methods: We reviewed published literature, regulatory documents, and PvPI reports to assess ADR reporting trends, stakeholder roles, and emerging technologies in Indian PV. Key areas analyzed included healthcare professional participation, public involvement, and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI), natural language processing (NLP), and Bayesian signal detection methods. The impact of pharmacogenomics and multimodal ADR detection was also examined. Results: India currently contributes approximately 3% of global ADR reports to VigiBase, showing improved reporting over time. Despite growth, under-reporting persists due to limited awareness, inadequate training, and weak integration of PV into healthcare curricula. Pharmacists play a pivotal role in strengthening ADR reporting, though public participation remains low. AI, NLP, and Bayesian methods have improved signal detection efficiency. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for robust PV systems to monitor repurposed and investigational drugs. Regional disparities and limited digital infrastructure continue to hinder progress. Conclusion: India has made significant strides in pharmacovigilance, yet challenges in awareness, education, and digital integration remain. Strengthening regulatory policies, expanding PV education, and adopting advanced technologies are critical to enhance drug safety monitoring and promote rational medicine use across the country. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/102 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.04 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 26-32 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/102/80 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/103 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

To Formulate and Check Stability Evaluation of a Gastric Floating Tablet Sonakshi Singh Pratyush Purkayastha Pantoprazole Sodium; Gastro-Retentive Drug Delivery System (GRDDS); Floating Matrix Tablet; Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC); Microenvironmental pH (pH_m); Accelerated Stability; In Vitro Buoyancy; Direct Compression. This research details the formulation development, in vitro characterization, and accelerated stability evaluation of a gastric floating drug delivery system containing the acid-labile proton pump inhibitor, pantoprazole sodium. To overcome the limitations of the drug's short biological half-life (1.0 - 1.9 hours) and optimize its localized therapeutic action within the gastric mucosa, floating matrix tablets were developed using the direct compression technique. Hydrophilic matrix-forming polymers, including hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), and natural gums (xanthan gum and Limonia acidissima gum), were evaluated in varying proportions. An effervescent couple consisting of sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous citric acid was incorporated to initiate rapid in situ carbondioxide (CO2) generation upon contact with acidic gastric fluids. The precompression powder blends exhibited excellent micromeritic properties,with angles of repose ranging from 25.17o ± 0.2o to 28.70o ± 0.6o and Carr's compressibility index values between 3.61% and 19.83%. The optimized formulation (F3/F4) demonstrated a floating lag time of less than 60seconds, sustained buoyancy exceeding 12 - 18 hours in simulated gastric fluid (0.1 N HCl, pH 1.2), and controlled release kinetics (R2 = 0.992) governed by an anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion mechanism. Accelerated stability testing conducted in compliance with ICH guidelines (40oC ± 2 oC and 75% ± 5% relative humidity) for up to two months demonstrated that the physical integrity, buoyancy profiles, and drug content (98.12% - 99.08%) of the floating tablets remained stable. These findings confirm that the inclusion of an alkaline gas-generating agent effectively buffers the tablet's microenvironment, protecting the acid-labile pantoprazole sodium from rapid acid-catalyzed hydrolytic degradation. This gastro-retentive formulation represents a robust alternative to conventional enteric-coated dosage forms for the localized treatment of gastric ulcers and the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/103 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.05 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 33-40 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/103/81 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Role of Clinical Pharmacist in Chronic Disease Management Yuvraj Singh Pratyush Purkayastha Clinical Pharmacist, Chronic Disease Management, Medication Therapy Management, Patient counseling, Medication Adherence, Pharmaceutical Care. Chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic kidney disease are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The increasing prevalence of these conditions hascreated a significant burden on healthcare systems. Clinical pharmacists have emerged as essential members of multidisciplinary healthcare teams, contributing to improved patient outcomes through medication management, patient counseling, disease monitoring, and healthcare education. This review aims to evaluate the role of clinical pharmacists in chronic disease management and highlight their impact on medication adherence, disease control, patient safety, and healthcare costs. Evidence from various studies indicates that clinical pharmacist interventions significantly improve therapeutic outcomes, reduce medication-related problems, and enhance patients' quality of life. The integration of clinical pharmacists into chronic disease management programs is therefore crucial for achieving optimal healthcare outcomes. Sujata Publication 2026-06-20 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/104 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.06 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 41-43 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/104/82 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/105 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

A Scoping Review of the Pharmacovigilance System in India Region Manir Ahmad Ritik Srivastava Pharmacovigilance (PV), Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs), Patient safety, scoping review, pharmacovigilance program of india. Background: Pharmacovigilance (PV) encompasses the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). India, as the world's pharmacy supplying approximately 20% of global generic medicines by volume, holds a uniquely critical position in global drug safety. The Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), established in 2010, has expanded substantially; however, significant gaps in reporting culture, infrastructure, and regulatory enforcement persist, with per-capita ADR reporting rates remaining far below international benchmarks. Objective: This scoping review systematically maps the existing literature on the pharmacovigilance system in India, examining its structure, challenges, reporting trends, and future directions across 2004- 2024, providing actionable synthesis for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Indian databases (IndMED, MedIND) following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A total of 87 studies met final inclusion criteria, spanning observational studies, regulatory analyses, intervention evaluations, and qualitative inquiries. Results: Key findings include pervasive underreporting (<10% of clinical ADRs captured), limited healthcare professional awareness, inadequate digitization, regulatory enforcement gaps, and profound geographic disparities. The PvPI has expanded to 265+ ADR Monitoring Centers (AMCs) nationally, with annual reports growing from 450 in 2011 to over 131,000 by 2023. Conclusion: Despite notable institutional progress, India's pharmacovigilance system requires substantial strengthening through education, technology integration, and policy reform. Collaborative efforts among healthcare professionals,regulators, industry, academia, and patients are essential to transform pharmacovigilance into a genuine public health sentinel. Sujata Publication 2026-07-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/105 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.07 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 44-54 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/105/83 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/106 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

Design and Characterization of Herbal Nanogel: A Feasible Use Jyoti Saxena Sushmita Nanotechnology, preparation method, parameters The newest advances in drug delivery and nanogel formation have been examined in this study. The field of chemistry known as phytochemistry has been devoted to the study of botanical materials. Herbal materials have led to the development of novel therapies for an assortment of ailments. In order to supply herbal products that have more cellular penetration than presently feasible, nanogel has proved to be an innovative solution to oral and transdermal medicine delivery for a number of medical ailments, including diabetes, cancer, and chronic illnesses. By the way, herbal medications with the latest technical components can have great bioavailability, low toxicity, and improved sustained release mechanisms when given the right ways of administration. Sujata Publication 2026-07-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/106 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.08 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 55-58 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/106/84 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/107 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

Nature’s Bland for Healthy Hair: A Systematic Review on Poly-Herbal Shampoo Seema Bahuguna herbal shampoo; fenugreek; amla; Aloe vera; polyherbal formulation; surfactant-free alternative; foaming stability; pH; hair growth. Herbal shampoos are gaining popularity as safer alternatives to synthetic formulations that often contain irritating surfactants and preservatives. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate a polyherbal shampoo using extracts of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), amla (Phyllanthus emblica), and Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis miller) to provide multifunctional hair benefits—cleansing, conditioning, anti-dandruff action, and promotion of hair strength and growth—while avoiding harmful chemicals such as sulfates and parabens. Plant materials were collected and extracted by maceration; extracts were incorporated into a shampoo base containing distilled water, sodium lauryl sulfate, glycerin, citric acid and methylparaben. . The formulation was evaluated for organoleptic properties, pH (5.7), dirt dispersion, solid content, washability, foaming ability and stability, and viscosity. Results indicated a stable, cosmetically acceptable formulation with appropriate pH, good foaming and washability, and desirable sensory characteristics. The polyherbal shampoo demonstrated potential as an effective, eco-friendly, and cost-effective alternative to synthetic shampoos, offering cleansing, conditioning, and hair-care benefits with minimal adverse effects. Further studies are recommended to quantify biological activities (anti-dandruff, anti-microbial, and hair-growth efficacy) and long-term stability under varied storage conditions. Sujata Publication 2026-07-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/107 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.09 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 59-62 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/107/85 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/108 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

To Develop and Validate Analytical Method for Determination of Diaveridine by UV-Spectrophotometry in Pure Form Suhasini Nayal Diaveridine, U.V spectroscopy, Validation, Beer’s law, Accuracy, Precision. A simple, accurate and selective UV-spectro-photometric method was developed for the estimation of Diaveridinein bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. The method was developed and validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH Q2 R1) guidelines. The developed method was validated statistically with respect to linearity, range, precision, accuracy, and ruggedness, limit of detection and limit of quantization. A simple, sensitive, specific, and validated UV method has been developed for the quantitative determination of Diaveridine as API. The λmax was found to be 275nm. The linearity was found in concentration range of 5-40µg/ml with correlation coefficient 0.999. The regression equation was found to be as Y=0.0253x-0.0015. This indicated that the developed method was accurate, precise, specific, rapid and suitable for the analysis of commercial samples. Sujata Publication 2026-07-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/108 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.10 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 63-68 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/108/86 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/109 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

Nanosponges for the Management of Psoriasis: Characterization and Limitations Harshita Kumari Swati Raturi Topical drug delivery, controlled drug release, targeted drug delivery, anti-psoriatic therapy, skin inflammation, psoriasis, nanosponges, and nanotechnology. growth, immunological dysregulation, and the formation of scaly, erythematous plaques. Poor skin penetration, short retention times, and possible side effects are common limitations of conventional topical treatments, such as corticosteroids and retinoids. A cutting-edge drug delivery method that can improve the therapeutic effectiveness of antipsoriatic medications is nanosponges. Effective drug encapsulation, increased solubility, improved skin retention, and controlled drug release are all made possible by their porous three-dimensional structure. Nanosponge-based formulations decrease systemic absorption, increase patient compliance, and enable targeted delivery to inflammatory skin. Preclinical research has demonstrated notable decreases in epidermal hyperproliferation, scaling, and inflammation. Nanosponges are a promising approach for safer and more efficient psoriasis treatment, despite ongoing difficulties with large-scale production, stability, and regulatory approval. Sujata Publication 2026-07-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/109 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.11 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 69-73 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/109/87 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/110 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

Oral Delivery of Semaglutide via Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs): A Review of Formulation, Stability, and Intestinal Uptake Swati Raturi Amisha Praja Neha Deshwal Semaglutide, nanostructured lipid carriers, oral peptide delivery, GLP-1 agonist, obesity, pharmacokinetics, surfactants, mucoadhesion. Semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, has demonstrated significant efficacy in obesity management. However, its therapeutic potential is limited by poor oral bioavailability and enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract, necessitating subcutaneous administration. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) offer a promising alternative by encapsulating semaglutide within a lipid matrix that enhances stability, protects against proteolysis, and facilitates intestinal absorption. This review explores the formulation strategies, pharmacokinetic improvements, and therapeutic relevance of semaglutide-loaded NLCs. NLCs are composed of solid and liquid lipids stabilized by surfactants such as Tween 80 and Poloxamer 188, which together create a disordered matrix capable of accommodating hydrophilic peptides. Optimization of lipid selection, surfactant concentration, and homogenization parameters is critical to achieving high encapsulation efficiency and sustained release. Pharmacokinetic studies reveal that NLCs significantly improve systemic exposure and half-life of semaglutide, while pharmacodynamic evaluations show enhanced appetite suppression and weight reduction in preclinical models. Despite these advances, challenges remain in formulation stability, mucosal permeability, and large-scale manufacturing. Strategies such as mucoadhesive coatings, PEGylation, and chitosan modification are being explored to improve intestinal uptake. Regulatory harmonization and long-term safety evaluations are essential for clinical translation. Semaglutide-loaded NLCs represent a transformative platform for non-invasive obesity therapy, with the potential to improve patient adherence and therapeutic outcomes. Continued research and innovation in lipid-based nanocarriers may redefine the future of peptide drug delivery. Sujata Publication 2026-07-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/110 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.12 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 74-79 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/110/88 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/111 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

Development & Evaluation of Nanoemulsion Based Syrup of Poorly Soluble Curcumin for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability Yogesh Yadav Jyoti Saxena drug release, poorly soluble drug, oral bioavailability, curcumin, and nanoemulsion Turmeric contains curcumin, a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound that is well-known for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant qualities. However, because of its poor water solubility, low gastrointestinal absorption, quick metabolism, and low bioavailability, its therapeutic efficacy following oral administration is severely restricted. The goal of the current study was to improve the oral bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of poorly soluble curcumin by developing and assessing syrup based on nanoemulsion. Using an appropriate oil, surfactant, co-surfactant, and aqueous phase, the nanoemulsion formulation was created using a homogenization technique. It was then added to a syrup base to increase patient compliance and palatability. Physical appearance, pH (5), viscosity (0.145), drug content (98.36 %), and in vitro drug release (97%) in 240 minutes were all assessed for the prepared formulations. The optimized formulation demonstrated consistent drug distribution throughout the system and good stability with nanosized droplets. When compared to traditional formulations, better curcumin release and dissolution were noted. According to the study's findings, curcumin's solubility and oral bioavailability can be enhanced by using a syrup based on nanoemulsion. For oral drug delivery applications, this formulation may offer increased patient acceptability and therapeutic efficacy. Sujata Publication 2026-07-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/111 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.13 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 80-87 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/111/89 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/112 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

Comparative Dissolution Profiling of Norfloxacin 400 mg Tablets Using USP Apparatus I (Basket) and USP Apparatus II (Paddle) Ashutosh Kumar Neha Deshwal Norfloxacin, Dissolution Testing, USP Apparatus I, USP Apparatus II, Basket Method, Paddle Method, Drug Release Profile, Quality Control. Dissolution testing is an essential quality control tool used to evaluate the rate and extent of drug release from oral solid dosage forms and to predict their in vivo performance. The present study was conducted to compare the dissolution behavior of Norfloxacin 400 mg tablets using USP Apparatus I (Basket) and USP Apparatus II (Paddle) under optimized experimental conditions. Norfloxacin, a second-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibits pH-dependent solubility, making dissolution profiling an important parameter for assessing its pharmaceutical performance. The dissolution studies were performed using acetate buffer (pH 4.0) as the dissolution medium maintained at 37 ± 0.5°C. USP Apparatus I was operated at 100 rpm, whereas USP Apparatus II was operated at 50 rpm. Samples were collected at predetermined time intervals (5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, and 60 minutes) and analyzed using a validated UV–Visible spectrophotometric method at 278 nm. The cumulative percentage drug release obtained from both apparatuses was compared to evaluate the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on dissolution performance.The results demonstrated that both apparatuses provided satisfactory dissolution profiles and complied with pharmacopeial requirements. However, USP Apparatus II exhibited a comparatively faster drug release than USP Apparatus I. At 30 minutes, cumulative drug release was 89.76% for the Paddle apparatus and 82.94% for the Basket apparatus. At 60 minutes, the Paddle apparatus achieved 99.85% drug release, while the Basket apparatus showed 97.28% release. The enhanced dissolution observed with the Paddle apparatus may be attributed to improved mixing efficiency and hydrodynamic conditions around the dosage form. In conclusion, both USP Apparatus I and USP Apparatus II are suitable for dissolution testing of Norfloxacin tablets; however, USP Apparatus II demonstrated superior dissolution efficiency and may be considered the preferred method for routine quality control evaluation of immediate-release Norfloxacin formulations. Sujata Publication 2026-07-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/112 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.14 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 88-95 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/112/90 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/113 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

Monitoring and Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions in recent years (2021-2025) Sushmita Adverse drug reactions; pharmacovigilance; ADR reporting patterns; spontaneous reporting systems; underreporting; pharmacovigilance enhancement strategies; signal detection Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) represent a persistent challenge to patient safety and healthcare systems worldwide, underscoring the importance of effective pharmacovigilance. This study aimed to evaluate trends in ADR monitoring and reporting between 2021 and 2025 across regional, national, and international pharmacovigilance systems. A retrospective descriptive approach was adopted, utilizing aggregate data obtained from publicly available pharmacovigilance databases and institutional safety reports. Year-wise reporting patterns were examined, and a five-year mean of ADR reports was calculated using a consistent national dataset to enable standardized comparison. The findings indicate variability in reporting trends across systems, with an overall increase in ADR submissions observed toward the later years of the study period. In the selected national dataset, reporting declined from 2021 to 2023, followed by a marked rise in 2024 and 2025. The calculated five-year mean of ADR reports was 835.8 per year. This upward trend coincided with the implementation of targeted awareness programs, enhanced regulatory focus, and the adoption of digital and QR-code–based reporting mechanisms, which simplified reporting processes and improved healthcare professional participation. The study highlights persistent challenges such as underreporting and inconsistencies across reporting frameworks while emphasizing the positive impact of technological integration and structured pharmacovigilance initiatives. Strengthening awareness, standardizing reporting systems, and expanding digital infrastructure are essential for improving ADR surveillance. Continuous monitoring of reporting trends can support early signal detection and contribute to safer medication use and better patient outcomes. Sujata Publication 2026-07-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/113 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.15 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 96-102 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/113/91 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

oai:ojs2.ijmsi.in:article/114 2026-07-15T07:35:41Z files:ART

Development of a Novel Stability Indicating HPLC Method for the Simultaneous estimation of Aztreonam and Avibactam in Dosage Form Using Response Surface Methodology H. Neelofar D. Ranganayakulu design of experiments, response surface methodology, central composite design, critical analytical attributes and Design-Expert 10.0.2 software. A simple, rapid, precise, and stability-indicating High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Aztreonam and Avibactam in pharmaceutical dosage form. The method development was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize critical chromatographic conditions such as mobile phase composition, flow rate, and detection wavelength. Separation was achieved on a C18 column using an optimized mobile phase consisting of a suitable buffer and organic solvent in appropriate proportion, delivered at an optimized flow rate with UV detection. The developed method demonstrated good resolution between Aztreonam and Avibactam with acceptable retention times and peak symmetry. The method was validated in accordance with ICH guidelines for parameters including linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, robustness, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ). Both drugs showed excellent linearity within the selected concentration range with high correlation coefficients. Forced degradation studies under various stress conditions such as acidic,alkaline, oxidative, thermal, and photolytic degradation confirmed the stability-indicating nature of the method, as degradation products did not interfere with the analyte peaks. The optimized method was found to be accurate, precise, and suitable for routine quality control analysis of Aztreonam and Avibactam in combined dosage forms. In conclusion, the proposed HPLC method, optimized using Response Surface Methodology, is reliable, efficient, and capable of simultaneous estimation of Aztreonam and Avibactam, making it highly useful for pharmaceutical analysis and stability studies. Sujata Publication 2026-07-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/114 10.62896/ijmsi.2.s2.16 International Journal of Multidisciplinary Science and Innovation; IJMSI: Volume 2, Special Issue 2, 2026; 103-115 3107-5754 eng https://ijmsi.in/index.php/files/article/view/114/92 Copyright (c) 2026 Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/